The course aims to prepare participants to draw on their resources in their work with diverse groups of students. In the course, we draw on inclusive education theories and research, emphasizing a holistic and creative approach to preparation and teaching at the forefront. Furthermore, a focus is put on teaching strategies and educative assessment that works for diverse groups of students, and adapting teaching and learning to students with special needs.

Content
The focus of the course is on inclusive practices. How to create a learning environment that cares for all students learning is introduced. The focus is also on collaboration with parents, colleagues, professionals, and paraprofessionals. 

Work process
The course is a blended course online and on campus. It is divided into four main themes. All the themes connect to teaching in inclusive educational settings. The focus on each theme is three or four weeks.

The teaching is through lectures, projects, collaboration, discussions in class, on canvas, and in formal assignments. The course is grounded in students' independence, responsibility, and participation.

In this course students explore teaching of diverse groups in inclusive settings, emphasizing strategies to address diverse educational and sociological needs of students, guided by human values, democracy and social justice. The emphasis is on evidence-based strategies to address the most common students´ special needs related to reading difficulties, behavioral difficulties, attention deficit, hyperactivity, and autism spectrum disorder. At the same time the use of respectful, person-first language, putting strengths and talents of students in the foreground, is stressed. Multicultural teaching and teaching of students learning Icelandic as a second language will be addressed. Students will be introduced to classroom management strategies, individualized behavior support, multi-disciplinary and parent collaboration. The course focus is on inclusive, evidence-based practices that aim to provide students with special needs opportunities equal to those of their classmates.

The main focus of the course is on early childhood education and research within the field. Various topics and controversial issues will be discussed. Special emphasis will be placed on different views on children and childhood, cooperation between playschool and primary school, teachers’ pedagogical beliefs and cooperation between school and family.

This course focuses on qualitative research methods. It looks at different movements and traditions in research methodology and their relationship to the structure and execution of research. The course also touches on the ethics of research, validity and different views of these concepts. Students will conduct a small research project, which provides training in a literature review, data collection, data analysis, and presentation of research findings. Students work as a team throughout the semester.

Readings, lectures, in-class discussion and group work. Sessions for distance students are held twice during the semester and participation is mandatory

Students in this course are expected to deepen their knowledge and skills in quantitative research methodology. Students will use a computer program for data analysis, with emphasis on interpretation and writing about research results. Students are expected to develop positive attitudes toward research and the value of research in educational and social settings.

Topic
The course focuses on research on the topics of learning, teaching, and other aspects of educational practices at schools. Students will learn about different research methods, and research’s value for educational practices at schools will be explored, as well as how research can support the development of teaching and learning in schools. Students will also learn about standardised tests commonly used in Icelandic preschools and compulsory schools, along with international comparative research such as PISA and TALIS. The course’s emphasis is practice and ensuring the use of practices for teachers in their day-to-day work.

Work process
Lectures, seminars, and discussion sessions will be held. Students will participate in observations and practice interpreting the results of research that may be useful in supporting them as teachers.

Who the course is for?
The course is for students in preschool and compulsory school teachers' education who have chosen MT study paths.

The purpose of this course is to work with conceptual issues in sustainability and global initiative such as those being implemented by the UNESCO. Examples of problems in the environment and nature will be explored, f.ex. climate change, decrease in number of species, soil erosion and pollution. Emphasis will be on the role of teachers in dealing with controversial issues and how they can teach children to analyse problems, evaluate information and put forward possible solutions. Participants read and use research about sustainability education. Participants will also examine their own angle to sustainability, their values and behaviour. 

It is obligatory to attend classes during On Campus weeks, according to the academic calendar for School of Education.

This course focuses on providing the student teachers with competences for becoming professionals in their field, with focus on their subject area, and supporting them in laying the foundation for their own professional working theory. This will be obtained by building up knowledge and understanding of the responsibilities which is imbued in teaching and the skills needed for self evaluation in various situations in the field. An emphasis is also put on providing the student teachers with skills regarding the role of the classroom teacher and classroom management; team-teaching and co-operative skills; how to deal with traumatic experiences and children's welfare; and working with parents. Furthermore, research on school development, school evaluation and school ethos will be looked into together with research on teachers. Finally this will be linked with practicum.

Emphasis is on interactive lectures, inquiry and reflective studies, seminars, group work, projects, portfolios, field studies and fieldwork.

The main task of this course is fieldwork at the primary level of compulsory school. The emphasis is on actual teaching practice and giving the students opportunities to discuss, evaluate, reflect, and develop their teaching. Students will develop a teaching plan based on the national curriculum guide and school curricula. They will analyse incidents from their practice to learn from and improve their teaching. A range of teaching methods will be explored and applied in teaching in the field.

Students are in the field the whole semester in both courses (KME301F Teaching and Learning – becoming a Professional and GKY401F Learning and Teaching - field practice II d Teaching and Learning - field) and attend regular classes at the university. Emphasis is on interactive lectures, self-study, group work, and projects. The course of study is directly related to field practice. Various issues will be explored with concrete examples from school practice. Students read chosen materials and research on school practice, both provided by lecturers and chosen by students.

In the course, the student's task consists in being a mentor for participants that are upper secondary school students and university students in the project "Sprettur". Mentors' main role is to support and encourage participants in their studies and social life. As well as creating a constructive relationship with the participants, being a positive role model, and participating in events organized in Sprettur. The mentor role centers around building relationships and spending meaningful time together with the commitment to support participants. 

Sprettur is a project that supports students with an immigrant or refugee background who come from families with little or no university education. The students in this course are mentors of the participants and are paired together based on a common field of interest. Each mentor is responsible for supporting two participants. Mentors plan activities with participants and spend three hours a month (from August to May) with Sprettur’s participants, three hours a month in a study group and attend five seminars that are spread over the school year. Students submit journal entries on Canvas in November and March. Diary entries are based on reading material and students' reflections on the mentorship. Compulsory attendance in events, study groups, and seminars. The course is taught in Icelandic and English. 

Students must apply for a seat in the course. Applicants go through an interview process and 15-30 students are selected to participate. 

See the digital application form. 

More information about Sprettur can be found here: www.hi.is/sprettur  

Language is a necessary tool for expression and communication and opens the door to knowledge and understanding of societies. Knowledge of languages increases open-mindedness and promotes intellectual development and a better understanding of own culture. Plurilingualism is linked to education, achievement, and student well-being. The course aims are for participants to become familiar with ways to evaluate and use students' linguistic and cultural resources and apply teaching methods based on the linguistic resources of multilingual students to promote their learning.

The main goal of this course is that students acquire a solid understanding of children’s language development from infancy through adolescence and the fundamental influencing factors. The main emphasis is to increase students’ proficiency in providing children with quality language intervention as foundation for education and reading. Further the students are encouraged to link together science and practice and to connect the topics with their prior experience. The emphasis is on that the students get to know Icelandic and international research in the field and what teachers can learn from the research results on what experience, education, communication, and intervention both at home and in schools provide the best practice for good language development

Central topics of the course: Development of language with historical perspective, living conditions, motivation, and natural competence of newborns. Development of language from birth, phonemic development, development of vocabulary, grammar, and communication skills. The importance of quality language input, at home and at school. The relation between language proficiency and cognitive and social skills, and literacy. The main disorders of language and speech like developmental language disorder (DLD), speech sound disorder and stuttering. Language development of multi/bilingual children. The importance of early intervention and general language stimulation. Informal language assessment on individual children's language skills, as well as design and plan teaching which central aim is to support and provide children opportunities to develop their language skills to become active language users.

The aim of this course is that students consider and critically evaluate the main theories and research findings on reading difficulties. Emphasis is given to the relation between language and literacy along with neuropsychological issues and individual differences in literacy development. The aim of this course is that students consider and critically evaluate the main theories and research findings on reading difficulties. Emphasis is given to the relation between language and literacy along with neuropsychological issues and individual differences in literacy development.

Course organisation: Lectures, discussions, case studies, short investigations, group work, and individual work.

The aim of this course is to increase students’ knowledge and understanding about the influence that multilingualism may exert on the development of literacy. Reading development of multilingual children will be discussed, based on the orthographic systems of their languages, effective instrucion in Icelandic as a second language with newly arrived children at various ages, and also children with long residence who need effective support for their educational achievement. Participants of the course are encouraged to take account of high quality research findings, think critically about each topic based on their own experience, and to relate to their specific field and interests. The purpose of the course is also to encourage students to constantly seek for new knowledge, based on high quality research findings, as a means to develop their skills in the teaching of multilingual children.

Teaching will take place both at meetings and on the course's website. Presentations will be accessable on the website and students participate in discussions at the meetings and on the website.

The main aims of the course are to increase students' understanding of the relations that exist between language development and literacy and to enable them to strengthen their abilities in employing an effective teaching approach. Students are encouraged to focus on the age that refers to their specific field of interest and/or study.

The main topics will be:

- Basic underlying factors of reading: phonological, and morphological awareness, reading fluency, and early intervention

- Language development from birth and throughout the lifespan – how this relates to the development of literacy: Listening and reading comprehension - productive language skills in speech and writing. How early language input strongly predicts progress throughout the years, but also how language support and stimulation can enhance children with poor language skills.

- Active participation in school activities and active language use: How to take into account and spurt children's interest in their studies. The progress in language and literacy skills will be most successful when learners deal with current, interesting affairs, they will be more likely to take an active part in discussions and make good progress in writing.

- Effective approach to increase children's interest in reading

- Assessing language understanding and productive language proficiency. Regular and systematic evaluation makes it possible to give the actual support that each learner needs in order to make constant progress.

Teaching will include presentations accessible on the course's website, discussions both at meetings and on the website, and assignments.

Students will read different literary text which are well suited to the task of opening up discussions about the fundamental pillars of education as they are defined in the National Curriculum Guide for Compulory Schools (2013). These are: Literacy, Sustainability, Democracy and Human rights, Equality, Health and Wellfare and Creativity.

The reading list will reflect three main themes that are connected with the fundamental pillars. The reading material will also provide students with general competences in literature, language and expression. The three main themes are important for students from all departments within The School of Education. They are:

1. Children and Development
2. Equality
3. Cultural Heritage and Society

The keywords of the course are: Literacy, vocabulary and interpretive skills

The main topics of the course include teaching of reading, regarding the five main areas of reading instruction: phonological and phonemic awareness, decoding, fluency, vocabulary, reading/listening comprehension along with writing, at the beginner and intermediate levels. Emphasis is placed on definining effective, evidence based reading methods that best enhance student skills in above-mentioned sections and they are evaluated in the light of research findings and theories on reading. Assessment methods and tests of reading, reading fluency and reading comprehension will be examined. Various influences in the development reading, reading comprehension and writing will be taken into account, in regards to design of teaching, educational materials, educational environment, teachers and pedagogists.

The course aims to increase participants' knowledge about the importance of language stimulation in various activities with children. They learn to apply effective approaches, based on play and creativity, whose main aim is to support language development and active language use of children.

The central topics are: a) encouraging language environment that enhances children’s language use in daily activities b) rich interactive language use in both free and structured play c) together time and reading activities used to encourage vocabulary learning and active discussions, for the benefit of all children d) music and song as a source for language development e) drama as a means for active language use.

Work process
The course is taught in local sessions and distance learning. Presentations are accessible on the course's website and students participate in discussions both at meetings and on the website.

The course is focused on practice and collaboration and the aim is that participants develop learning communities within and across schools, which they can then develop further after they have completed the course. Thus, participants will gain the opportunity to learn together and support each other while developing their activities with children. The basic idea is that it is the responsibility of every teacher and each school employee to support and encourage the language development of children and their active language use.

Participants write a report diary, where they discuss each topic, reflect on their work with children, and discuss how they manage to implement the approach introduced in the course. Additionally, they participate in discussions with fellow participants and teachers in local sessions and online.

Who the course is for
The course is intended for all those who work with 1-7 year-old children, in kindergarten and primary school, parents, and others who are interested in children’s language development and stimulation. The course will allow participants to increase their basic knowledge about language acquisition and effective ways to support children in developing their language skills. Thus, the course will give a solid foundation for constant progress in language activities with children.

In this course the focus is on Icelandic as a second language and the education of multilingual students in Icelandic compulsory schools. Language acquisition and language upbringing will be examined and the difference between acquiring skills in a first and a second language. The emphases will be on what it is that teachers in general need to know about the Icelandic language to be able to help their students make progress in the subject being taught.

The structure of the Icelandic language system, pronunciation, word formation, inflections, sentence structure, meaning of words and phrases, the three layers of the vocabulary, and various things related to language use will be studied. The purpose is to figure out what is most likely to be demanding for multilingual students in preschools who are acquiring the language, both in general but also due to personal differences, such as different first languages.

Based on this special attention will be paid to the teaching of different subjects and how they can be planned, taking in account students’ different level of Icelandic. Important aspect of that is how subject texts can be simplified to fit the needs of multilingual students.

This course emphasises research, theory and knowledge of creative work and play in early childhood education. The value of creative thinking within the frame of the curriculum in early childhood education and primary school education is discussed and related to methods to stimulate and motivate play and art activities. The goal is that students gain skills in using research findings to plan and conduct creative work and play with preschool and primary school children. Students are supported to gain initiative, analytical thinking and independence in their own studies. Students will gain experience in developing their own understanding and skills in different areas of arts.

The course aims to prepare participants to draw on their resources in their work with diverse groups of students. In the course, we draw on inclusive education theories and research, emphasizing a holistic and creative approach to preparation and teaching at the forefront. Furthermore, a focus is put on teaching strategies and educative assessment that works for diverse groups of students, and adapting teaching and learning to students with special needs.

Content
The focus of the course is on inclusive practices. How to create a learning environment that cares for all students learning is introduced. The focus is also on collaboration with parents, colleagues, professionals, and paraprofessionals. 

Work process
The course is a blended course online and on campus. It is divided into four main themes. All the themes connect to teaching in inclusive educational settings. The focus on each theme is three or four weeks.

The teaching is through lectures, projects, collaboration, discussions in class, on canvas, and in formal assignments. The course is grounded in students' independence, responsibility, and participation.

In this course students explore teaching of diverse groups in inclusive settings, emphasizing strategies to address diverse educational and sociological needs of students, guided by human values, democracy and social justice. The emphasis is on evidence-based strategies to address the most common students´ special needs related to reading difficulties, behavioral difficulties, attention deficit, hyperactivity, and autism spectrum disorder. At the same time the use of respectful, person-first language, putting strengths and talents of students in the foreground, is stressed. Multicultural teaching and teaching of students learning Icelandic as a second language will be addressed. Students will be introduced to classroom management strategies, individualized behavior support, multi-disciplinary and parent collaboration. The course focus is on inclusive, evidence-based practices that aim to provide students with special needs opportunities equal to those of their classmates.

The main focus of the course is on early childhood education and research within the field. Various topics and controversial issues will be discussed. Special emphasis will be placed on different views on children and childhood, cooperation between playschool and primary school, teachers’ pedagogical beliefs and cooperation between school and family.

This course focuses on qualitative research methods. It looks at different movements and traditions in research methodology and their relationship to the structure and execution of research. The course also touches on the ethics of research, validity and different views of these concepts. Students will conduct a small research project, which provides training in a literature review, data collection, data analysis, and presentation of research findings. Students work as a team throughout the semester.

Readings, lectures, in-class discussion and group work. Sessions for distance students are held twice during the semester and participation is mandatory

Students in this course are expected to deepen their knowledge and skills in quantitative research methodology. Students will use a computer program for data analysis, with emphasis on interpretation and writing about research results. Students are expected to develop positive attitudes toward research and the value of research in educational and social settings.

Topic
The course focuses on research on the topics of learning, teaching, and other aspects of educational practices at schools. Students will learn about different research methods, and research’s value for educational practices at schools will be explored, as well as how research can support the development of teaching and learning in schools. Students will also learn about standardised tests commonly used in Icelandic preschools and compulsory schools, along with international comparative research such as PISA and TALIS. The course’s emphasis is practice and ensuring the use of practices for teachers in their day-to-day work.

Work process
Lectures, seminars, and discussion sessions will be held. Students will participate in observations and practice interpreting the results of research that may be useful in supporting them as teachers.

Who the course is for?
The course is for students in preschool and compulsory school teachers' education who have chosen MT study paths.

The purpose of this course is to work with conceptual issues in sustainability and global initiative such as those being implemented by the UNESCO. Examples of problems in the environment and nature will be explored, f.ex. climate change, decrease in number of species, soil erosion and pollution. Emphasis will be on the role of teachers in dealing with controversial issues and how they can teach children to analyse problems, evaluate information and put forward possible solutions. Participants read and use research about sustainability education. Participants will also examine their own angle to sustainability, their values and behaviour. 

It is obligatory to attend classes during On Campus weeks, according to the academic calendar for School of Education.

This course focuses on providing the student teachers with competences for becoming professionals in their field, with focus on their subject area, and supporting them in laying the foundation for their own professional working theory. This will be obtained by building up knowledge and understanding of the responsibilities which is imbued in teaching and the skills needed for self evaluation in various situations in the field. An emphasis is also put on providing the student teachers with skills regarding the role of the classroom teacher and classroom management; team-teaching and co-operative skills; how to deal with traumatic experiences and children's welfare; and working with parents. Furthermore, research on school development, school evaluation and school ethos will be looked into together with research on teachers. Finally this will be linked with practicum.

Emphasis is on interactive lectures, inquiry and reflective studies, seminars, group work, projects, portfolios, field studies and fieldwork.

The main task of this course is fieldwork at the primary level of compulsory school. The emphasis is on actual teaching practice and giving the students opportunities to discuss, evaluate, reflect, and develop their teaching. Students will develop a teaching plan based on the national curriculum guide and school curricula. They will analyse incidents from their practice to learn from and improve their teaching. A range of teaching methods will be explored and applied in teaching in the field.

Students are in the field the whole semester in both courses (KME301F Teaching and Learning – becoming a Professional and GKY401F Learning and Teaching - field practice II d Teaching and Learning - field) and attend regular classes at the university. Emphasis is on interactive lectures, self-study, group work, and projects. The course of study is directly related to field practice. Various issues will be explored with concrete examples from school practice. Students read chosen materials and research on school practice, both provided by lecturers and chosen by students.

In the course, the student's task consists in being a mentor for participants that are upper secondary school students and university students in the project "Sprettur". Mentors' main role is to support and encourage participants in their studies and social life. As well as creating a constructive relationship with the participants, being a positive role model, and participating in events organized in Sprettur. The mentor role centers around building relationships and spending meaningful time together with the commitment to support participants. 

Sprettur is a project that supports students with an immigrant or refugee background who come from families with little or no university education. The students in this course are mentors of the participants and are paired together based on a common field of interest. Each mentor is responsible for supporting two participants. Mentors plan activities with participants and spend three hours a month (from August to May) with Sprettur’s participants, three hours a month in a study group and attend five seminars that are spread over the school year. Students submit journal entries on Canvas in November and March. Diary entries are based on reading material and students' reflections on the mentorship. Compulsory attendance in events, study groups, and seminars. The course is taught in Icelandic and English. 

Students must apply for a seat in the course. Applicants go through an interview process and 15-30 students are selected to participate. 

See the digital application form. 

More information about Sprettur can be found here: www.hi.is/sprettur  

Language is a necessary tool for expression and communication and opens the door to knowledge and understanding of societies. Knowledge of languages increases open-mindedness and promotes intellectual development and a better understanding of own culture. Plurilingualism is linked to education, achievement, and student well-being. The course aims are for participants to become familiar with ways to evaluate and use students' linguistic and cultural resources and apply teaching methods based on the linguistic resources of multilingual students to promote their learning.

The main goal of this course is that students acquire a solid understanding of children’s language development from infancy through adolescence and the fundamental influencing factors. The main emphasis is to increase students’ proficiency in providing children with quality language intervention as foundation for education and reading. Further the students are encouraged to link together science and practice and to connect the topics with their prior experience. The emphasis is on that the students get to know Icelandic and international research in the field and what teachers can learn from the research results on what experience, education, communication, and intervention both at home and in schools provide the best practice for good language development

Central topics of the course: Development of language with historical perspective, living conditions, motivation, and natural competence of newborns. Development of language from birth, phonemic development, development of vocabulary, grammar, and communication skills. The importance of quality language input, at home and at school. The relation between language proficiency and cognitive and social skills, and literacy. The main disorders of language and speech like developmental language disorder (DLD), speech sound disorder and stuttering. Language development of multi/bilingual children. The importance of early intervention and general language stimulation. Informal language assessment on individual children's language skills, as well as design and plan teaching which central aim is to support and provide children opportunities to develop their language skills to become active language users.

The aim of this course is that students consider and critically evaluate the main theories and research findings on reading difficulties. Emphasis is given to the relation between language and literacy along with neuropsychological issues and individual differences in literacy development. The aim of this course is that students consider and critically evaluate the main theories and research findings on reading difficulties. Emphasis is given to the relation between language and literacy along with neuropsychological issues and individual differences in literacy development.

Course organisation: Lectures, discussions, case studies, short investigations, group work, and individual work.

The aim of this course is to increase students’ knowledge and understanding about the influence that multilingualism may exert on the development of literacy. Reading development of multilingual children will be discussed, based on the orthographic systems of their languages, effective instrucion in Icelandic as a second language with newly arrived children at various ages, and also children with long residence who need effective support for their educational achievement. Participants of the course are encouraged to take account of high quality research findings, think critically about each topic based on their own experience, and to relate to their specific field and interests. The purpose of the course is also to encourage students to constantly seek for new knowledge, based on high quality research findings, as a means to develop their skills in the teaching of multilingual children.

Teaching will take place both at meetings and on the course's website. Presentations will be accessable on the website and students participate in discussions at the meetings and on the website.

The main aims of the course are to increase students' understanding of the relations that exist between language development and literacy and to enable them to strengthen their abilities in employing an effective teaching approach. Students are encouraged to focus on the age that refers to their specific field of interest and/or study.

The main topics will be:

- Basic underlying factors of reading: phonological, and morphological awareness, reading fluency, and early intervention

- Language development from birth and throughout the lifespan – how this relates to the development of literacy: Listening and reading comprehension - productive language skills in speech and writing. How early language input strongly predicts progress throughout the years, but also how language support and stimulation can enhance children with poor language skills.

- Active participation in school activities and active language use: How to take into account and spurt children's interest in their studies. The progress in language and literacy skills will be most successful when learners deal with current, interesting affairs, they will be more likely to take an active part in discussions and make good progress in writing.

- Effective approach to increase children's interest in reading

- Assessing language understanding and productive language proficiency. Regular and systematic evaluation makes it possible to give the actual support that each learner needs in order to make constant progress.

Teaching will include presentations accessible on the course's website, discussions both at meetings and on the website, and assignments.

Students will read different literary text which are well suited to the task of opening up discussions about the fundamental pillars of education as they are defined in the National Curriculum Guide for Compulory Schools (2013). These are: Literacy, Sustainability, Democracy and Human rights, Equality, Health and Wellfare and Creativity.

The reading list will reflect three main themes that are connected with the fundamental pillars. The reading material will also provide students with general competences in literature, language and expression. The three main themes are important for students from all departments within The School of Education. They are:

1. Children and Development
2. Equality
3. Cultural Heritage and Society

The keywords of the course are: Literacy, vocabulary and interpretive skills

The main topics of the course include teaching of reading, regarding the five main areas of reading instruction: phonological and phonemic awareness, decoding, fluency, vocabulary, reading/listening comprehension along with writing, at the beginner and intermediate levels. Emphasis is placed on definining effective, evidence based reading methods that best enhance student skills in above-mentioned sections and they are evaluated in the light of research findings and theories on reading. Assessment methods and tests of reading, reading fluency and reading comprehension will be examined. Various influences in the development reading, reading comprehension and writing will be taken into account, in regards to design of teaching, educational materials, educational environment, teachers and pedagogists.

The course aims to increase participants' knowledge about the importance of language stimulation in various activities with children. They learn to apply effective approaches, based on play and creativity, whose main aim is to support language development and active language use of children.

The central topics are: a) encouraging language environment that enhances children’s language use in daily activities b) rich interactive language use in both free and structured play c) together time and reading activities used to encourage vocabulary learning and active discussions, for the benefit of all children d) music and song as a source for language development e) drama as a means for active language use.

Work process
The course is taught in local sessions and distance learning. Presentations are accessible on the course's website and students participate in discussions both at meetings and on the website.

The course is focused on practice and collaboration and the aim is that participants develop learning communities within and across schools, which they can then develop further after they have completed the course. Thus, participants will gain the opportunity to learn together and support each other while developing their activities with children. The basic idea is that it is the responsibility of every teacher and each school employee to support and encourage the language development of children and their active language use.

Participants write a report diary, where they discuss each topic, reflect on their work with children, and discuss how they manage to implement the approach introduced in the course. Additionally, they participate in discussions with fellow participants and teachers in local sessions and online.

Who the course is for
The course is intended for all those who work with 1-7 year-old children, in kindergarten and primary school, parents, and others who are interested in children’s language development and stimulation. The course will allow participants to increase their basic knowledge about language acquisition and effective ways to support children in developing their language skills. Thus, the course will give a solid foundation for constant progress in language activities with children.

In this course the focus is on Icelandic as a second language and the education of multilingual students in Icelandic compulsory schools. Language acquisition and language upbringing will be examined and the difference between acquiring skills in a first and a second language. The emphases will be on what it is that teachers in general need to know about the Icelandic language to be able to help their students make progress in the subject being taught.

The structure of the Icelandic language system, pronunciation, word formation, inflections, sentence structure, meaning of words and phrases, the three layers of the vocabulary, and various things related to language use will be studied. The purpose is to figure out what is most likely to be demanding for multilingual students in preschools who are acquiring the language, both in general but also due to personal differences, such as different first languages.

Based on this special attention will be paid to the teaching of different subjects and how they can be planned, taking in account students’ different level of Icelandic. Important aspect of that is how subject texts can be simplified to fit the needs of multilingual students.

This course emphasises research, theory and knowledge of creative work and play in early childhood education. The value of creative thinking within the frame of the curriculum in early childhood education and primary school education is discussed and related to methods to stimulate and motivate play and art activities. The goal is that students gain skills in using research findings to plan and conduct creative work and play with preschool and primary school children. Students are supported to gain initiative, analytical thinking and independence in their own studies. Students will gain experience in developing their own understanding and skills in different areas of arts.

The course aims to prepare participants to draw on their resources in their work with diverse groups of students. In the course, we draw on inclusive education theories and research, emphasizing a holistic and creative approach to preparation and teaching at the forefront. Furthermore, a focus is put on teaching strategies and educative assessment that works for diverse groups of students, and adapting teaching and learning to students with special needs.

Content
The focus of the course is on inclusive practices. How to create a learning environment that cares for all students learning is introduced. The focus is also on collaboration with parents, colleagues, professionals, and paraprofessionals. 

Work process
The course is a blended course online and on campus. It is divided into four main themes. All the themes connect to teaching in inclusive educational settings. The focus on each theme is three or four weeks.

The teaching is through lectures, projects, collaboration, discussions in class, on canvas, and in formal assignments. The course is grounded in students' independence, responsibility, and participation.

In this course students explore teaching of diverse groups in inclusive settings, emphasizing strategies to address diverse educational and sociological needs of students, guided by human values, democracy and social justice. The emphasis is on evidence-based strategies to address the most common students´ special needs related to reading difficulties, behavioral difficulties, attention deficit, hyperactivity, and autism spectrum disorder. At the same time the use of respectful, person-first language, putting strengths and talents of students in the foreground, is stressed. Multicultural teaching and teaching of students learning Icelandic as a second language will be addressed. Students will be introduced to classroom management strategies, individualized behavior support, multi-disciplinary and parent collaboration. The course focus is on inclusive, evidence-based practices that aim to provide students with special needs opportunities equal to those of their classmates.

The main focus of the course is on early childhood education and research within the field. Various topics and controversial issues will be discussed. Special emphasis will be placed on different views on children and childhood, cooperation between playschool and primary school, teachers’ pedagogical beliefs and cooperation between school and family.

This course focuses on qualitative research methods. It looks at different movements and traditions in research methodology and their relationship to the structure and execution of research. The course also touches on the ethics of research, validity and different views of these concepts. Students will conduct a small research project, which provides training in a literature review, data collection, data analysis, and presentation of research findings. Students work as a team throughout the semester.

Readings, lectures, in-class discussion and group work. Sessions for distance students are held twice during the semester and participation is mandatory

Students in this course are expected to deepen their knowledge and skills in quantitative research methodology. Students will use a computer program for data analysis, with emphasis on interpretation and writing about research results. Students are expected to develop positive attitudes toward research and the value of research in educational and social settings.

Topic
The course focuses on research on the topics of learning, teaching, and other aspects of educational practices at schools. Students will learn about different research methods, and research’s value for educational practices at schools will be explored, as well as how research can support the development of teaching and learning in schools. Students will also learn about standardised tests commonly used in Icelandic preschools and compulsory schools, along with international comparative research such as PISA and TALIS. The course’s emphasis is practice and ensuring the use of practices for teachers in their day-to-day work.

Work process
Lectures, seminars, and discussion sessions will be held. Students will participate in observations and practice interpreting the results of research that may be useful in supporting them as teachers.

Who the course is for?
The course is for students in preschool and compulsory school teachers' education who have chosen MT study paths.

The purpose of this course is to work with conceptual issues in sustainability and global initiative such as those being implemented by the UNESCO. Examples of problems in the environment and nature will be explored, f.ex. climate change, decrease in number of species, soil erosion and pollution. Emphasis will be on the role of teachers in dealing with controversial issues and how they can teach children to analyse problems, evaluate information and put forward possible solutions. Participants read and use research about sustainability education. Participants will also examine their own angle to sustainability, their values and behaviour. 

It is obligatory to attend classes during On Campus weeks, according to the academic calendar for School of Education.

This course focuses on providing the student teachers with competences for becoming professionals in their field, with focus on their subject area, and supporting them in laying the foundation for their own professional working theory. This will be obtained by building up knowledge and understanding of the responsibilities which is imbued in teaching and the skills needed for self evaluation in various situations in the field. An emphasis is also put on providing the student teachers with skills regarding the role of the classroom teacher and classroom management; team-teaching and co-operative skills; how to deal with traumatic experiences and children's welfare; and working with parents. Furthermore, research on school development, school evaluation and school ethos will be looked into together with research on teachers. Finally this will be linked with practicum.

Emphasis is on interactive lectures, inquiry and reflective studies, seminars, group work, projects, portfolios, field studies and fieldwork.

The main task of this course is fieldwork at the primary level of compulsory school. The emphasis is on actual teaching practice and giving the students opportunities to discuss, evaluate, reflect, and develop their teaching. Students will develop a teaching plan based on the national curriculum guide and school curricula. They will analyse incidents from their practice to learn from and improve their teaching. A range of teaching methods will be explored and applied in teaching in the field.

Students are in the field the whole semester in both courses (KME301F Teaching and Learning – becoming a Professional and GKY401F Learning and Teaching - field practice II d Teaching and Learning - field) and attend regular classes at the university. Emphasis is on interactive lectures, self-study, group work, and projects. The course of study is directly related to field practice. Various issues will be explored with concrete examples from school practice. Students read chosen materials and research on school practice, both provided by lecturers and chosen by students.

In the course, the student's task consists in being a mentor for participants that are upper secondary school students and university students in the project "Sprettur". Mentors' main role is to support and encourage participants in their studies and social life. As well as creating a constructive relationship with the participants, being a positive role model, and participating in events organized in Sprettur. The mentor role centers around building relationships and spending meaningful time together with the commitment to support participants. 

Sprettur is a project that supports students with an immigrant or refugee background who come from families with little or no university education. The students in this course are mentors of the participants and are paired together based on a common field of interest. Each mentor is responsible for supporting two participants. Mentors plan activities with participants and spend three hours a month (from August to May) with Sprettur’s participants, three hours a month in a study group and attend five seminars that are spread over the school year. Students submit journal entries on Canvas in November and March. Diary entries are based on reading material and students' reflections on the mentorship. Compulsory attendance in events, study groups, and seminars. The course is taught in Icelandic and English. 

Students must apply for a seat in the course. Applicants go through an interview process and 15-30 students are selected to participate. 

See the digital application form. 

More information about Sprettur can be found here: www.hi.is/sprettur  

Language is a necessary tool for expression and communication and opens the door to knowledge and understanding of societies. Knowledge of languages increases open-mindedness and promotes intellectual development and a better understanding of own culture. Plurilingualism is linked to education, achievement, and student well-being. The course aims are for participants to become familiar with ways to evaluate and use students' linguistic and cultural resources and apply teaching methods based on the linguistic resources of multilingual students to promote their learning.

The main goal of this course is that students acquire a solid understanding of children’s language development from infancy through adolescence and the fundamental influencing factors. The main emphasis is to increase students’ proficiency in providing children with quality language intervention as foundation for education and reading. Further the students are encouraged to link together science and practice and to connect the topics with their prior experience. The emphasis is on that the students get to know Icelandic and international research in the field and what teachers can learn from the research results on what experience, education, communication, and intervention both at home and in schools provide the best practice for good language development

Central topics of the course: Development of language with historical perspective, living conditions, motivation, and natural competence of newborns. Development of language from birth, phonemic development, development of vocabulary, grammar, and communication skills. The importance of quality language input, at home and at school. The relation between language proficiency and cognitive and social skills, and literacy. The main disorders of language and speech like developmental language disorder (DLD), speech sound disorder and stuttering. Language development of multi/bilingual children. The importance of early intervention and general language stimulation. Informal language assessment on individual children's language skills, as well as design and plan teaching which central aim is to support and provide children opportunities to develop their language skills to become active language users.

The aim of this course is that students consider and critically evaluate the main theories and research findings on reading difficulties. Emphasis is given to the relation between language and literacy along with neuropsychological issues and individual differences in literacy development. The aim of this course is that students consider and critically evaluate the main theories and research findings on reading difficulties. Emphasis is given to the relation between language and literacy along with neuropsychological issues and individual differences in literacy development.

Course organisation: Lectures, discussions, case studies, short investigations, group work, and individual work.

The aim of this course is to increase students’ knowledge and understanding about the influence that multilingualism may exert on the development of literacy. Reading development of multilingual children will be discussed, based on the orthographic systems of their languages, effective instrucion in Icelandic as a second language with newly arrived children at various ages, and also children with long residence who need effective support for their educational achievement. Participants of the course are encouraged to take account of high quality research findings, think critically about each topic based on their own experience, and to relate to their specific field and interests. The purpose of the course is also to encourage students to constantly seek for new knowledge, based on high quality research findings, as a means to develop their skills in the teaching of multilingual children.

Teaching will take place both at meetings and on the course's website. Presentations will be accessable on the website and students participate in discussions at the meetings and on the website.

The main aims of the course are to increase students' understanding of the relations that exist between language development and literacy and to enable them to strengthen their abilities in employing an effective teaching approach. Students are encouraged to focus on the age that refers to their specific field of interest and/or study.

The main topics will be:

- Basic underlying factors of reading: phonological, and morphological awareness, reading fluency, and early intervention

- Language development from birth and throughout the lifespan – how this relates to the development of literacy: Listening and reading comprehension - productive language skills in speech and writing. How early language input strongly predicts progress throughout the years, but also how language support and stimulation can enhance children with poor language skills.

- Active participation in school activities and active language use: How to take into account and spurt children's interest in their studies. The progress in language and literacy skills will be most successful when learners deal with current, interesting affairs, they will be more likely to take an active part in discussions and make good progress in writing.

- Effective approach to increase children's interest in reading

- Assessing language understanding and productive language proficiency. Regular and systematic evaluation makes it possible to give the actual support that each learner needs in order to make constant progress.

Teaching will include presentations accessible on the course's website, discussions both at meetings and on the website, and assignments.

Students will read different literary text which are well suited to the task of opening up discussions about the fundamental pillars of education as they are defined in the National Curriculum Guide for Compulory Schools (2013). These are: Literacy, Sustainability, Democracy and Human rights, Equality, Health and Wellfare and Creativity.

The reading list will reflect three main themes that are connected with the fundamental pillars. The reading material will also provide students with general competences in literature, language and expression. The three main themes are important for students from all departments within The School of Education. They are:

1. Children and Development
2. Equality
3. Cultural Heritage and Society

The keywords of the course are: Literacy, vocabulary and interpretive skills

The main topics of the course include teaching of reading, regarding the five main areas of reading instruction: phonological and phonemic awareness, decoding, fluency, vocabulary, reading/listening comprehension along with writing, at the beginner and intermediate levels. Emphasis is placed on definining effective, evidence based reading methods that best enhance student skills in above-mentioned sections and they are evaluated in the light of research findings and theories on reading. Assessment methods and tests of reading, reading fluency and reading comprehension will be examined. Various influences in the development reading, reading comprehension and writing will be taken into account, in regards to design of teaching, educational materials, educational environment, teachers and pedagogists.

The course aims to increase participants' knowledge about the importance of language stimulation in various activities with children. They learn to apply effective approaches, based on play and creativity, whose main aim is to support language development and active language use of children.

The central topics are: a) encouraging language environment that enhances children’s language use in daily activities b) rich interactive language use in both free and structured play c) together time and reading activities used to encourage vocabulary learning and active discussions, for the benefit of all children d) music and song as a source for language development e) drama as a means for active language use.

Work process
The course is taught in local sessions and distance learning. Presentations are accessible on the course's website and students participate in discussions both at meetings and on the website.

The course is focused on practice and collaboration and the aim is that participants develop learning communities within and across schools, which they can then develop further after they have completed the course. Thus, participants will gain the opportunity to learn together and support each other while developing their activities with children. The basic idea is that it is the responsibility of every teacher and each school employee to support and encourage the language development of children and their active language use.

Participants write a report diary, where they discuss each topic, reflect on their work with children, and discuss how they manage to implement the approach introduced in the course. Additionally, they participate in discussions with fellow participants and teachers in local sessions and online.

Who the course is for
The course is intended for all those who work with 1-7 year-old children, in kindergarten and primary school, parents, and others who are interested in children’s language development and stimulation. The course will allow participants to increase their basic knowledge about language acquisition and effective ways to support children in developing their language skills. Thus, the course will give a solid foundation for constant progress in language activities with children.

In this course the focus is on Icelandic as a second language and the education of multilingual students in Icelandic compulsory schools. Language acquisition and language upbringing will be examined and the difference between acquiring skills in a first and a second language. The emphases will be on what it is that teachers in general need to know about the Icelandic language to be able to help their students make progress in the subject being taught.

The structure of the Icelandic language system, pronunciation, word formation, inflections, sentence structure, meaning of words and phrases, the three layers of the vocabulary, and various things related to language use will be studied. The purpose is to figure out what is most likely to be demanding for multilingual students in preschools who are acquiring the language, both in general but also due to personal differences, such as different first languages.

Based on this special attention will be paid to the teaching of different subjects and how they can be planned, taking in account students’ different level of Icelandic. Important aspect of that is how subject texts can be simplified to fit the needs of multilingual students.

This course emphasises research, theory and knowledge of creative work and play in early childhood education. The value of creative thinking within the frame of the curriculum in early childhood education and primary school education is discussed and related to methods to stimulate and motivate play and art activities. The goal is that students gain skills in using research findings to plan and conduct creative work and play with preschool and primary school children. Students are supported to gain initiative, analytical thinking and independence in their own studies. Students will gain experience in developing their own understanding and skills in different areas of arts.

The course aims to prepare participants to draw on their resources in their work with diverse groups of students. In the course, we draw on inclusive education theories and research, emphasizing a holistic and creative approach to preparation and teaching at the forefront. Furthermore, a focus is put on teaching strategies and educative assessment that works for diverse groups of students, and adapting teaching and learning to students with special needs.

Content
The focus of the course is on inclusive practices. How to create a learning environment that cares for all students learning is introduced. The focus is also on collaboration with parents, colleagues, professionals, and paraprofessionals. 

Work process
The course is a blended course online and on campus. It is divided into four main themes. All the themes connect to teaching in inclusive educational settings. The focus on each theme is three or four weeks.

The teaching is through lectures, projects, collaboration, discussions in class, on canvas, and in formal assignments. The course is grounded in students' independence, responsibility, and participation.

In this course students explore teaching of diverse groups in inclusive settings, emphasizing strategies to address diverse educational and sociological needs of students, guided by human values, democracy and social justice. The emphasis is on evidence-based strategies to address the most common students´ special needs related to reading difficulties, behavioral difficulties, attention deficit, hyperactivity, and autism spectrum disorder. At the same time the use of respectful, person-first language, putting strengths and talents of students in the foreground, is stressed. Multicultural teaching and teaching of students learning Icelandic as a second language will be addressed. Students will be introduced to classroom management strategies, individualized behavior support, multi-disciplinary and parent collaboration. The course focus is on inclusive, evidence-based practices that aim to provide students with special needs opportunities equal to those of their classmates.

The main focus of the course is on early childhood education and research within the field. Various topics and controversial issues will be discussed. Special emphasis will be placed on different views on children and childhood, cooperation between playschool and primary school, teachers’ pedagogical beliefs and cooperation between school and family.

This course focuses on qualitative research methods. It looks at different movements and traditions in research methodology and their relationship to the structure and execution of research. The course also touches on the ethics of research, validity and different views of these concepts. Students will conduct a small research project, which provides training in a literature review, data collection, data analysis, and presentation of research findings. Students work as a team throughout the semester.

Readings, lectures, in-class discussion and group work. Sessions for distance students are held twice during the semester and participation is mandatory

Students in this course are expected to deepen their knowledge and skills in quantitative research methodology. Students will use a computer program for data analysis, with emphasis on interpretation and writing about research results. Students are expected to develop positive attitudes toward research and the value of research in educational and social settings.

Topic
The course focuses on research on the topics of learning, teaching, and other aspects of educational practices at schools. Students will learn about different research methods, and research’s value for educational practices at schools will be explored, as well as how research can support the development of teaching and learning in schools. Students will also learn about standardised tests commonly used in Icelandic preschools and compulsory schools, along with international comparative research such as PISA and TALIS. The course’s emphasis is practice and ensuring the use of practices for teachers in their day-to-day work.

Work process
Lectures, seminars, and discussion sessions will be held. Students will participate in observations and practice interpreting the results of research that may be useful in supporting them as teachers.

Who the course is for?
The course is for students in preschool and compulsory school teachers' education who have chosen MT study paths.

The purpose of this course is to work with conceptual issues in sustainability and global initiative such as those being implemented by the UNESCO. Examples of problems in the environment and nature will be explored, f.ex. climate change, decrease in number of species, soil erosion and pollution. Emphasis will be on the role of teachers in dealing with controversial issues and how they can teach children to analyse problems, evaluate information and put forward possible solutions. Participants read and use research about sustainability education. Participants will also examine their own angle to sustainability, their values and behaviour. 

It is obligatory to attend classes during On Campus weeks, according to the academic calendar for School of Education.

This course focuses on providing the student teachers with competences for becoming professionals in their field, with focus on their subject area, and supporting them in laying the foundation for their own professional working theory. This will be obtained by building up knowledge and understanding of the responsibilities which is imbued in teaching and the skills needed for self evaluation in various situations in the field. An emphasis is also put on providing the student teachers with skills regarding the role of the classroom teacher and classroom management; team-teaching and co-operative skills; how to deal with traumatic experiences and children's welfare; and working with parents. Furthermore, research on school development, school evaluation and school ethos will be looked into together with research on teachers. Finally this will be linked with practicum.

Emphasis is on interactive lectures, inquiry and reflective studies, seminars, group work, projects, portfolios, field studies and fieldwork.

The main task of this course is fieldwork at the primary level of compulsory school. The emphasis is on actual teaching practice and giving the students opportunities to discuss, evaluate, reflect, and develop their teaching. Students will develop a teaching plan based on the national curriculum guide and school curricula. They will analyse incidents from their practice to learn from and improve their teaching. A range of teaching methods will be explored and applied in teaching in the field.

Students are in the field the whole semester in both courses (KME301F Teaching and Learning – becoming a Professional and GKY401F Learning and Teaching - field practice II d Teaching and Learning - field) and attend regular classes at the university. Emphasis is on interactive lectures, self-study, group work, and projects. The course of study is directly related to field practice. Various issues will be explored with concrete examples from school practice. Students read chosen materials and research on school practice, both provided by lecturers and chosen by students.

In the course, the student's task consists in being a mentor for participants that are upper secondary school students and university students in the project "Sprettur". Mentors' main role is to support and encourage participants in their studies and social life. As well as creating a constructive relationship with the participants, being a positive role model, and participating in events organized in Sprettur. The mentor role centers around building relationships and spending meaningful time together with the commitment to support participants. 

Sprettur is a project that supports students with an immigrant or refugee background who come from families with little or no university education. The students in this course are mentors of the participants and are paired together based on a common field of interest. Each mentor is responsible for supporting two participants. Mentors plan activities with participants and spend three hours a month (from August to May) with Sprettur’s participants, three hours a month in a study group and attend five seminars that are spread over the school year. Students submit journal entries on Canvas in November and March. Diary entries are based on reading material and students' reflections on the mentorship. Compulsory attendance in events, study groups, and seminars. The course is taught in Icelandic and English. 

Students must apply for a seat in the course. Applicants go through an interview process and 15-30 students are selected to participate. 

See the digital application form. 

More information about Sprettur can be found here: www.hi.is/sprettur  

Course description

This course is primarily intended for teachers specializing in the instruction of Icelandic as a second language but is also suitable for preschool teachers, classroom and subject teachers, special education teachers, and school administrators. The course aims to enhance participants' knowledge and understanding of Icelandic language acquisition among children and students with foreign backgrounds. It introduces practical approaches and methods for teaching speaking, listening, reading, writing, vocabulary, and grammar. Topics covered include plurilingualism, language acquisition, and learning; teacher competence and professional development in Icelandic as a second language; planning, teaching materials, teaching methods, and theories in the instruction of Icelandic as a second language. All course activities aim to increase participants' ability to apply targeted and professional teaching methods in Icelandic as a second language instruction and to support Icelandic at all educational levels. Additionally, the course encourages critical thinking about the application of teaching methods and the ability to justify pedagogical decisions with reference to Icelandic language policies and both Icelandic and international research on second language learning. Furthermore, the course is designed to inspire continuous knowledge-seeking and foster the creation of a learning community in the workplace.

The course aims to prepare participants to draw on their resources in their work with diverse groups of students. In the course, we draw on inclusive education theories and research, emphasizing a holistic and creative approach to preparation and teaching at the forefront. Furthermore, a focus is put on teaching strategies and educative assessment that works for diverse groups of students, and adapting teaching and learning to students with special needs.

Content
The focus of the course is on inclusive practices. How to create a learning environment that cares for all students learning is introduced. The focus is also on collaboration with parents, colleagues, professionals, and paraprofessionals. 

Work process
The course is a blended course online and on campus. It is divided into four main themes. All the themes connect to teaching in inclusive educational settings. The focus on each theme is three or four weeks.

The teaching is through lectures, projects, collaboration, discussions in class, on canvas, and in formal assignments. The course is grounded in students' independence, responsibility, and participation.

The course covers the rights and responsibilities of employees, children, and caregivers. It discusses the relevant laws and regulations. It addresses the characteristics and indicators of child well-being, violence against children, and assessment in such situations. Special attention is given to the well-being of children and recognition of signs of trauma and stress in their behaviors and attitudes. It emphasizes the value of interdisciplinary collaboration when working on children's welfare, linked to preventive work and the development of response plans. The instruction is delivered through lectures, recordings, discussions, and assignments.

Language is a necessary tool for expression and communication and opens the door to knowledge and understanding of societies. Knowledge of languages increases open-mindedness and promotes intellectual development and a better understanding of own culture. Plurilingualism is linked to education, achievement, and student well-being. The course aims are for participants to become familiar with ways to evaluate and use students' linguistic and cultural resources and apply teaching methods based on the linguistic resources of multilingual students to promote their learning.

The aim of this course is to increase students’ knowledge and understanding about the influence that multilingualism may exert on the development of literacy. Reading development of multilingual children will be discussed, based on the orthographic systems of their languages, effective instrucion in Icelandic as a second language with newly arrived children at various ages, and also children with long residence who need effective support for their educational achievement. Participants of the course are encouraged to take account of high quality research findings, think critically about each topic based on their own experience, and to relate to their specific field and interests. The purpose of the course is also to encourage students to constantly seek for new knowledge, based on high quality research findings, as a means to develop their skills in the teaching of multilingual children.

Teaching will take place both at meetings and on the course's website. Presentations will be accessable on the website and students participate in discussions at the meetings and on the website.

In this course the focus is on Icelandic as a second language and the education of multilingual students in Icelandic compulsory schools. Language acquisition and language upbringing will be examined and the difference between acquiring skills in a first and a second language. The emphases will be on what it is that teachers in general need to know about the Icelandic language to be able to help their students make progress in the subject being taught.

The structure of the Icelandic language system, pronunciation, word formation, inflections, sentence structure, meaning of words and phrases, the three layers of the vocabulary, and various things related to language use will be studied. The purpose is to figure out what is most likely to be demanding for multilingual students in preschools who are acquiring the language, both in general but also due to personal differences, such as different first languages.

Based on this special attention will be paid to the teaching of different subjects and how they can be planned, taking in account students’ different level of Icelandic. Important aspect of that is how subject texts can be simplified to fit the needs of multilingual students.

In the course, people's religious needs, experiences and religious identities will be discussed together with selected parts oft the main religious traditions in the world. Religious practice - particularly in relation to school settings - religious ethics and common values of different religions will be discussed, as well as the position of religions today, cultural and religious conflicts and prejudice and misunderstanding concerning religions. Projects are linked to the field.

The aims of this course are that the student has increased his or her knowledge in the main religious traditions in the world, and in the basic theories and key concepts in religious studies. That the student understands the relations between culture and religion and the influences of those on the identity, life values and daily lives of children and families. That the student knows ways of dealing with matters of opinion related to religions in his or her work settings. That the student can collect, assess and analyse scientific data in the field of religious studies in a multicultural society and use suitable technical measures and software. That the student can initiate new studies and development projects and communicate his or her findings in a suitable manner. That the student has developed independent methods of working and is capable of further studies and research in the field of religious studies in multicultural settings.

The course discusses factors that underpin and support global citizenship education. We will discuss the importance of citizens realizing that they have certain rights in society, as well as shared responsibilities and duties. Emphasis is placed on academic and policy related discussion of concepts such as globalization, citizenship, civic engagement, democracy, human rights, education and sustainability. Different approaches and definitions of global citizenship will be discussed, with an emphasis on critical approaches providing examples from international and national education, such as the United Nations' global goals and the fundamental pillars of Icelandic education. The spotlight will also be directed to the current situation of children and young people and how we learn and teach in the spirit of global citizenship.

This course deals with the spectrum of teaching methods from direct and formal approaches to informal methods. Emphasis is put on theoretical underpinnings and research on teaching methods, especially Icelandic research. Special attention is put on examining differentiated and responsive approaches (such as the open school concept, flexible teaching, cooperation, multi-age teaching, problem-based learning, holistic education, project-based learning, negotiating the curriculum and authentic learning).

The course aims to prepare participants to draw on their resources in their work with diverse groups of students. In the course, we draw on inclusive education theories and research, emphasizing a holistic and creative approach to preparation and teaching at the forefront. Furthermore, a focus is put on teaching strategies and educative assessment that works for diverse groups of students, and adapting teaching and learning to students with special needs.

Content
The focus of the course is on inclusive practices. How to create a learning environment that cares for all students learning is introduced. The focus is also on collaboration with parents, colleagues, professionals, and paraprofessionals. 

Work process
The course is a blended course online and on campus. It is divided into four main themes. All the themes connect to teaching in inclusive educational settings. The focus on each theme is three or four weeks.

The teaching is through lectures, projects, collaboration, discussions in class, on canvas, and in formal assignments. The course is grounded in students' independence, responsibility, and participation.

In this course students explore teaching of diverse groups in inclusive settings, emphasizing strategies to address diverse educational and sociological needs of students, guided by human values, democracy and social justice. The emphasis is on evidence-based strategies to address the most common students´ special needs related to reading difficulties, behavioral difficulties, attention deficit, hyperactivity, and autism spectrum disorder. At the same time the use of respectful, person-first language, putting strengths and talents of students in the foreground, is stressed. Multicultural teaching and teaching of students learning Icelandic as a second language will be addressed. Students will be introduced to classroom management strategies, individualized behavior support, multi-disciplinary and parent collaboration. The course focus is on inclusive, evidence-based practices that aim to provide students with special needs opportunities equal to those of their classmates.

The main focus of the course is on early childhood education and research within the field. Various topics and controversial issues will be discussed. Special emphasis will be placed on different views on children and childhood, cooperation between playschool and primary school, teachers’ pedagogical beliefs and cooperation between school and family.

This course focuses on qualitative research methods. It looks at different movements and traditions in research methodology and their relationship to the structure and execution of research. The course also touches on the ethics of research, validity and different views of these concepts. Students will conduct a small research project, which provides training in a literature review, data collection, data analysis, and presentation of research findings. Students work as a team throughout the semester.

Readings, lectures, in-class discussion and group work. Sessions for distance students are held twice during the semester and participation is mandatory

Students in this course are expected to deepen their knowledge and skills in quantitative research methodology. Students will use a computer program for data analysis, with emphasis on interpretation and writing about research results. Students are expected to develop positive attitudes toward research and the value of research in educational and social settings.

Topic
The course focuses on research on the topics of learning, teaching, and other aspects of educational practices at schools. Students will learn about different research methods, and research’s value for educational practices at schools will be explored, as well as how research can support the development of teaching and learning in schools. Students will also learn about standardised tests commonly used in Icelandic preschools and compulsory schools, along with international comparative research such as PISA and TALIS. The course’s emphasis is practice and ensuring the use of practices for teachers in their day-to-day work.

Work process
Lectures, seminars, and discussion sessions will be held. Students will participate in observations and practice interpreting the results of research that may be useful in supporting them as teachers.

Who the course is for?
The course is for students in preschool and compulsory school teachers' education who have chosen MT study paths.

The purpose of this course is to work with conceptual issues in sustainability and global initiative such as those being implemented by the UNESCO. Examples of problems in the environment and nature will be explored, f.ex. climate change, decrease in number of species, soil erosion and pollution. Emphasis will be on the role of teachers in dealing with controversial issues and how they can teach children to analyse problems, evaluate information and put forward possible solutions. Participants read and use research about sustainability education. Participants will also examine their own angle to sustainability, their values and behaviour. 

It is obligatory to attend classes during On Campus weeks, according to the academic calendar for School of Education.

This course focuses on providing the student teachers with competences for becoming professionals in their field, with focus on their subject area, and supporting them in laying the foundation for their own professional working theory. This will be obtained by building up knowledge and understanding of the responsibilities which is imbued in teaching and the skills needed for self evaluation in various situations in the field. An emphasis is also put on providing the student teachers with skills regarding the role of the classroom teacher and classroom management; team-teaching and co-operative skills; how to deal with traumatic experiences and children's welfare; and working with parents. Furthermore, research on school development, school evaluation and school ethos will be looked into together with research on teachers. Finally this will be linked with practicum.

Emphasis is on interactive lectures, inquiry and reflective studies, seminars, group work, projects, portfolios, field studies and fieldwork.

The main task of this course is fieldwork at the primary level of compulsory school. The emphasis is on actual teaching practice and giving the students opportunities to discuss, evaluate, reflect, and develop their teaching. Students will develop a teaching plan based on the national curriculum guide and school curricula. They will analyse incidents from their practice to learn from and improve their teaching. A range of teaching methods will be explored and applied in teaching in the field.

Students are in the field the whole semester in both courses (KME301F Teaching and Learning – becoming a Professional and GKY401F Learning and Teaching - field practice II d Teaching and Learning - field) and attend regular classes at the university. Emphasis is on interactive lectures, self-study, group work, and projects. The course of study is directly related to field practice. Various issues will be explored with concrete examples from school practice. Students read chosen materials and research on school practice, both provided by lecturers and chosen by students.

In the course, the student's task consists in being a mentor for participants that are upper secondary school students and university students in the project "Sprettur". Mentors' main role is to support and encourage participants in their studies and social life. As well as creating a constructive relationship with the participants, being a positive role model, and participating in events organized in Sprettur. The mentor role centers around building relationships and spending meaningful time together with the commitment to support participants. 

Sprettur is a project that supports students with an immigrant or refugee background who come from families with little or no university education. The students in this course are mentors of the participants and are paired together based on a common field of interest. Each mentor is responsible for supporting two participants. Mentors plan activities with participants and spend three hours a month (from August to May) with Sprettur’s participants, three hours a month in a study group and attend five seminars that are spread over the school year. Students submit journal entries on Canvas in November and March. Diary entries are based on reading material and students' reflections on the mentorship. Compulsory attendance in events, study groups, and seminars. The course is taught in Icelandic and English. 

Students must apply for a seat in the course. Applicants go through an interview process and 15-30 students are selected to participate. 

See the digital application form. 

More information about Sprettur can be found here: www.hi.is/sprettur  

Course description

This course is primarily intended for teachers specializing in the instruction of Icelandic as a second language but is also suitable for preschool teachers, classroom and subject teachers, special education teachers, and school administrators. The course aims to enhance participants' knowledge and understanding of Icelandic language acquisition among children and students with foreign backgrounds. It introduces practical approaches and methods for teaching speaking, listening, reading, writing, vocabulary, and grammar. Topics covered include plurilingualism, language acquisition, and learning; teacher competence and professional development in Icelandic as a second language; planning, teaching materials, teaching methods, and theories in the instruction of Icelandic as a second language. All course activities aim to increase participants' ability to apply targeted and professional teaching methods in Icelandic as a second language instruction and to support Icelandic at all educational levels. Additionally, the course encourages critical thinking about the application of teaching methods and the ability to justify pedagogical decisions with reference to Icelandic language policies and both Icelandic and international research on second language learning. Furthermore, the course is designed to inspire continuous knowledge-seeking and foster the creation of a learning community in the workplace.

The course aims to prepare participants to draw on their resources in their work with diverse groups of students. In the course, we draw on inclusive education theories and research, emphasizing a holistic and creative approach to preparation and teaching at the forefront. Furthermore, a focus is put on teaching strategies and educative assessment that works for diverse groups of students, and adapting teaching and learning to students with special needs.

Content
The focus of the course is on inclusive practices. How to create a learning environment that cares for all students learning is introduced. The focus is also on collaboration with parents, colleagues, professionals, and paraprofessionals. 

Work process
The course is a blended course online and on campus. It is divided into four main themes. All the themes connect to teaching in inclusive educational settings. The focus on each theme is three or four weeks.

The teaching is through lectures, projects, collaboration, discussions in class, on canvas, and in formal assignments. The course is grounded in students' independence, responsibility, and participation.

The course covers the rights and responsibilities of employees, children, and caregivers. It discusses the relevant laws and regulations. It addresses the characteristics and indicators of child well-being, violence against children, and assessment in such situations. Special attention is given to the well-being of children and recognition of signs of trauma and stress in their behaviors and attitudes. It emphasizes the value of interdisciplinary collaboration when working on children's welfare, linked to preventive work and the development of response plans. The instruction is delivered through lectures, recordings, discussions, and assignments.

Language is a necessary tool for expression and communication and opens the door to knowledge and understanding of societies. Knowledge of languages increases open-mindedness and promotes intellectual development and a better understanding of own culture. Plurilingualism is linked to education, achievement, and student well-being. The course aims are for participants to become familiar with ways to evaluate and use students' linguistic and cultural resources and apply teaching methods based on the linguistic resources of multilingual students to promote their learning.

The aim of this course is to increase students’ knowledge and understanding about the influence that multilingualism may exert on the development of literacy. Reading development of multilingual children will be discussed, based on the orthographic systems of their languages, effective instrucion in Icelandic as a second language with newly arrived children at various ages, and also children with long residence who need effective support for their educational achievement. Participants of the course are encouraged to take account of high quality research findings, think critically about each topic based on their own experience, and to relate to their specific field and interests. The purpose of the course is also to encourage students to constantly seek for new knowledge, based on high quality research findings, as a means to develop their skills in the teaching of multilingual children.

Teaching will take place both at meetings and on the course's website. Presentations will be accessable on the website and students participate in discussions at the meetings and on the website.

In this course the focus is on Icelandic as a second language and the education of multilingual students in Icelandic compulsory schools. Language acquisition and language upbringing will be examined and the difference between acquiring skills in a first and a second language. The emphases will be on what it is that teachers in general need to know about the Icelandic language to be able to help their students make progress in the subject being taught.

The structure of the Icelandic language system, pronunciation, word formation, inflections, sentence structure, meaning of words and phrases, the three layers of the vocabulary, and various things related to language use will be studied. The purpose is to figure out what is most likely to be demanding for multilingual students in preschools who are acquiring the language, both in general but also due to personal differences, such as different first languages.

Based on this special attention will be paid to the teaching of different subjects and how they can be planned, taking in account students’ different level of Icelandic. Important aspect of that is how subject texts can be simplified to fit the needs of multilingual students.

In the course, people's religious needs, experiences and religious identities will be discussed together with selected parts oft the main religious traditions in the world. Religious practice - particularly in relation to school settings - religious ethics and common values of different religions will be discussed, as well as the position of religions today, cultural and religious conflicts and prejudice and misunderstanding concerning religions. Projects are linked to the field.

The aims of this course are that the student has increased his or her knowledge in the main religious traditions in the world, and in the basic theories and key concepts in religious studies. That the student understands the relations between culture and religion and the influences of those on the identity, life values and daily lives of children and families. That the student knows ways of dealing with matters of opinion related to religions in his or her work settings. That the student can collect, assess and analyse scientific data in the field of religious studies in a multicultural society and use suitable technical measures and software. That the student can initiate new studies and development projects and communicate his or her findings in a suitable manner. That the student has developed independent methods of working and is capable of further studies and research in the field of religious studies in multicultural settings.

The course discusses factors that underpin and support global citizenship education. We will discuss the importance of citizens realizing that they have certain rights in society, as well as shared responsibilities and duties. Emphasis is placed on academic and policy related discussion of concepts such as globalization, citizenship, civic engagement, democracy, human rights, education and sustainability. Different approaches and definitions of global citizenship will be discussed, with an emphasis on critical approaches providing examples from international and national education, such as the United Nations' global goals and the fundamental pillars of Icelandic education. The spotlight will also be directed to the current situation of children and young people and how we learn and teach in the spirit of global citizenship.

This course deals with the spectrum of teaching methods from direct and formal approaches to informal methods. Emphasis is put on theoretical underpinnings and research on teaching methods, especially Icelandic research. Special attention is put on examining differentiated and responsive approaches (such as the open school concept, flexible teaching, cooperation, multi-age teaching, problem-based learning, holistic education, project-based learning, negotiating the curriculum and authentic learning).

The course aims to prepare participants to draw on their resources in their work with diverse groups of students. In the course, we draw on inclusive education theories and research, emphasizing a holistic and creative approach to preparation and teaching at the forefront. Furthermore, a focus is put on teaching strategies and educative assessment that works for diverse groups of students, and adapting teaching and learning to students with special needs.

Content
The focus of the course is on inclusive practices. How to create a learning environment that cares for all students learning is introduced. The focus is also on collaboration with parents, colleagues, professionals, and paraprofessionals. 

Work process
The course is a blended course online and on campus. It is divided into four main themes. All the themes connect to teaching in inclusive educational settings. The focus on each theme is three or four weeks.

The teaching is through lectures, projects, collaboration, discussions in class, on canvas, and in formal assignments. The course is grounded in students' independence, responsibility, and participation.

In this course students explore teaching of diverse groups in inclusive settings, emphasizing strategies to address diverse educational and sociological needs of students, guided by human values, democracy and social justice. The emphasis is on evidence-based strategies to address the most common students´ special needs related to reading difficulties, behavioral difficulties, attention deficit, hyperactivity, and autism spectrum disorder. At the same time the use of respectful, person-first language, putting strengths and talents of students in the foreground, is stressed. Multicultural teaching and teaching of students learning Icelandic as a second language will be addressed. Students will be introduced to classroom management strategies, individualized behavior support, multi-disciplinary and parent collaboration. The course focus is on inclusive, evidence-based practices that aim to provide students with special needs opportunities equal to those of their classmates.

The main focus of the course is on early childhood education and research within the field. Various topics and controversial issues will be discussed. Special emphasis will be placed on different views on children and childhood, cooperation between playschool and primary school, teachers’ pedagogical beliefs and cooperation between school and family.

This course focuses on qualitative research methods. It looks at different movements and traditions in research methodology and their relationship to the structure and execution of research. The course also touches on the ethics of research, validity and different views of these concepts. Students will conduct a small research project, which provides training in a literature review, data collection, data analysis, and presentation of research findings. Students work as a team throughout the semester.

Readings, lectures, in-class discussion and group work. Sessions for distance students are held twice during the semester and participation is mandatory

Students in this course are expected to deepen their knowledge and skills in quantitative research methodology. Students will use a computer program for data analysis, with emphasis on interpretation and writing about research results. Students are expected to develop positive attitudes toward research and the value of research in educational and social settings.

Topic
The course focuses on research on the topics of learning, teaching, and other aspects of educational practices at schools. Students will learn about different research methods, and research’s value for educational practices at schools will be explored, as well as how research can support the development of teaching and learning in schools. Students will also learn about standardised tests commonly used in Icelandic preschools and compulsory schools, along with international comparative research such as PISA and TALIS. The course’s emphasis is practice and ensuring the use of practices for teachers in their day-to-day work.

Work process
Lectures, seminars, and discussion sessions will be held. Students will participate in observations and practice interpreting the results of research that may be useful in supporting them as teachers.

Who the course is for?
The course is for students in preschool and compulsory school teachers' education who have chosen MT study paths.

The purpose of this course is to work with conceptual issues in sustainability and global initiative such as those being implemented by the UNESCO. Examples of problems in the environment and nature will be explored, f.ex. climate change, decrease in number of species, soil erosion and pollution. Emphasis will be on the role of teachers in dealing with controversial issues and how they can teach children to analyse problems, evaluate information and put forward possible solutions. Participants read and use research about sustainability education. Participants will also examine their own angle to sustainability, their values and behaviour. 

It is obligatory to attend classes during On Campus weeks, according to the academic calendar for School of Education.

This course focuses on providing the student teachers with competences for becoming professionals in their field, with focus on their subject area, and supporting them in laying the foundation for their own professional working theory. This will be obtained by building up knowledge and understanding of the responsibilities which is imbued in teaching and the skills needed for self evaluation in various situations in the field. An emphasis is also put on providing the student teachers with skills regarding the role of the classroom teacher and classroom management; team-teaching and co-operative skills; how to deal with traumatic experiences and children's welfare; and working with parents. Furthermore, research on school development, school evaluation and school ethos will be looked into together with research on teachers. Finally this will be linked with practicum.

Emphasis is on interactive lectures, inquiry and reflective studies, seminars, group work, projects, portfolios, field studies and fieldwork.

The main task of this course is fieldwork at the primary level of compulsory school. The emphasis is on actual teaching practice and giving the students opportunities to discuss, evaluate, reflect, and develop their teaching. Students will develop a teaching plan based on the national curriculum guide and school curricula. They will analyse incidents from their practice to learn from and improve their teaching. A range of teaching methods will be explored and applied in teaching in the field.

Students are in the field the whole semester in both courses (KME301F Teaching and Learning – becoming a Professional and GKY401F Learning and Teaching - field practice II d Teaching and Learning - field) and attend regular classes at the university. Emphasis is on interactive lectures, self-study, group work, and projects. The course of study is directly related to field practice. Various issues will be explored with concrete examples from school practice. Students read chosen materials and research on school practice, both provided by lecturers and chosen by students.

In the course, the student's task consists in being a mentor for participants that are upper secondary school students and university students in the project "Sprettur". Mentors' main role is to support and encourage participants in their studies and social life. As well as creating a constructive relationship with the participants, being a positive role model, and participating in events organized in Sprettur. The mentor role centers around building relationships and spending meaningful time together with the commitment to support participants. 

Sprettur is a project that supports students with an immigrant or refugee background who come from families with little or no university education. The students in this course are mentors of the participants and are paired together based on a common field of interest. Each mentor is responsible for supporting two participants. Mentors plan activities with participants and spend three hours a month (from August to May) with Sprettur’s participants, three hours a month in a study group and attend five seminars that are spread over the school year. Students submit journal entries on Canvas in November and March. Diary entries are based on reading material and students' reflections on the mentorship. Compulsory attendance in events, study groups, and seminars. The course is taught in Icelandic and English. 

Students must apply for a seat in the course. Applicants go through an interview process and 15-30 students are selected to participate. 

See the digital application form. 

More information about Sprettur can be found here: www.hi.is/sprettur  

Course description

This course is primarily intended for teachers specializing in the instruction of Icelandic as a second language but is also suitable for preschool teachers, classroom and subject teachers, special education teachers, and school administrators. The course aims to enhance participants' knowledge and understanding of Icelandic language acquisition among children and students with foreign backgrounds. It introduces practical approaches and methods for teaching speaking, listening, reading, writing, vocabulary, and grammar. Topics covered include plurilingualism, language acquisition, and learning; teacher competence and professional development in Icelandic as a second language; planning, teaching materials, teaching methods, and theories in the instruction of Icelandic as a second language. All course activities aim to increase participants' ability to apply targeted and professional teaching methods in Icelandic as a second language instruction and to support Icelandic at all educational levels. Additionally, the course encourages critical thinking about the application of teaching methods and the ability to justify pedagogical decisions with reference to Icelandic language policies and both Icelandic and international research on second language learning. Furthermore, the course is designed to inspire continuous knowledge-seeking and foster the creation of a learning community in the workplace.

The course aims to prepare participants to draw on their resources in their work with diverse groups of students. In the course, we draw on inclusive education theories and research, emphasizing a holistic and creative approach to preparation and teaching at the forefront. Furthermore, a focus is put on teaching strategies and educative assessment that works for diverse groups of students, and adapting teaching and learning to students with special needs.

Content
The focus of the course is on inclusive practices. How to create a learning environment that cares for all students learning is introduced. The focus is also on collaboration with parents, colleagues, professionals, and paraprofessionals. 

Work process
The course is a blended course online and on campus. It is divided into four main themes. All the themes connect to teaching in inclusive educational settings. The focus on each theme is three or four weeks.

The teaching is through lectures, projects, collaboration, discussions in class, on canvas, and in formal assignments. The course is grounded in students' independence, responsibility, and participation.

The course covers the rights and responsibilities of employees, children, and caregivers. It discusses the relevant laws and regulations. It addresses the characteristics and indicators of child well-being, violence against children, and assessment in such situations. Special attention is given to the well-being of children and recognition of signs of trauma and stress in their behaviors and attitudes. It emphasizes the value of interdisciplinary collaboration when working on children's welfare, linked to preventive work and the development of response plans. The instruction is delivered through lectures, recordings, discussions, and assignments.

Language is a necessary tool for expression and communication and opens the door to knowledge and understanding of societies. Knowledge of languages increases open-mindedness and promotes intellectual development and a better understanding of own culture. Plurilingualism is linked to education, achievement, and student well-being. The course aims are for participants to become familiar with ways to evaluate and use students' linguistic and cultural resources and apply teaching methods based on the linguistic resources of multilingual students to promote their learning.

The aim of this course is to increase students’ knowledge and understanding about the influence that multilingualism may exert on the development of literacy. Reading development of multilingual children will be discussed, based on the orthographic systems of their languages, effective instrucion in Icelandic as a second language with newly arrived children at various ages, and also children with long residence who need effective support for their educational achievement. Participants of the course are encouraged to take account of high quality research findings, think critically about each topic based on their own experience, and to relate to their specific field and interests. The purpose of the course is also to encourage students to constantly seek for new knowledge, based on high quality research findings, as a means to develop their skills in the teaching of multilingual children.

Teaching will take place both at meetings and on the course's website. Presentations will be accessable on the website and students participate in discussions at the meetings and on the website.

In this course the focus is on Icelandic as a second language and the education of multilingual students in Icelandic compulsory schools. Language acquisition and language upbringing will be examined and the difference between acquiring skills in a first and a second language. The emphases will be on what it is that teachers in general need to know about the Icelandic language to be able to help their students make progress in the subject being taught.

The structure of the Icelandic language system, pronunciation, word formation, inflections, sentence structure, meaning of words and phrases, the three layers of the vocabulary, and various things related to language use will be studied. The purpose is to figure out what is most likely to be demanding for multilingual students in preschools who are acquiring the language, both in general but also due to personal differences, such as different first languages.

Based on this special attention will be paid to the teaching of different subjects and how they can be planned, taking in account students’ different level of Icelandic. Important aspect of that is how subject texts can be simplified to fit the needs of multilingual students.

In the course, people's religious needs, experiences and religious identities will be discussed together with selected parts oft the main religious traditions in the world. Religious practice - particularly in relation to school settings - religious ethics and common values of different religions will be discussed, as well as the position of religions today, cultural and religious conflicts and prejudice and misunderstanding concerning religions. Projects are linked to the field.

The aims of this course are that the student has increased his or her knowledge in the main religious traditions in the world, and in the basic theories and key concepts in religious studies. That the student understands the relations between culture and religion and the influences of those on the identity, life values and daily lives of children and families. That the student knows ways of dealing with matters of opinion related to religions in his or her work settings. That the student can collect, assess and analyse scientific data in the field of religious studies in a multicultural society and use suitable technical measures and software. That the student can initiate new studies and development projects and communicate his or her findings in a suitable manner. That the student has developed independent methods of working and is capable of further studies and research in the field of religious studies in multicultural settings.

The course discusses factors that underpin and support global citizenship education. We will discuss the importance of citizens realizing that they have certain rights in society, as well as shared responsibilities and duties. Emphasis is placed on academic and policy related discussion of concepts such as globalization, citizenship, civic engagement, democracy, human rights, education and sustainability. Different approaches and definitions of global citizenship will be discussed, with an emphasis on critical approaches providing examples from international and national education, such as the United Nations' global goals and the fundamental pillars of Icelandic education. The spotlight will also be directed to the current situation of children and young people and how we learn and teach in the spirit of global citizenship.

This course deals with the spectrum of teaching methods from direct and formal approaches to informal methods. Emphasis is put on theoretical underpinnings and research on teaching methods, especially Icelandic research. Special attention is put on examining differentiated and responsive approaches (such as the open school concept, flexible teaching, cooperation, multi-age teaching, problem-based learning, holistic education, project-based learning, negotiating the curriculum and authentic learning).