Arctic Politics in International Context (ASK113F, ASK117F)

This course examines the aims, interests, opportunities, and challenges of states, non-state actors, regional fora, and international organizations in a changing Arctic region. With a focus on policy, politics, and current issues, it analyses the contemporary dilemmas posed by Arctic governance, cooperation, and imaginaries of the region.

Building on the fundamentals taught in ‘Introduction to Arctic Studies’, this course investigates the Arctic policies of the ‘Arctic Eight’ states, as well as states located outside the region. Five of the ‘Arctic Eight’ are Nordic small states, and so this angle is also considered. The role and achievements of other relevant entities such as the Arctic Council, the Arctic Coast Guard Forum, NATO, the EU, and the UN is also analyzed. The course has an international focus and provides an in-depth examination of the major political contours in today’s Arctic

Introduction to Arctic Studies (ASK113F, ASK117F)

This course provides a comprehensive foundation in Arctic studies. The essentials are covered, such as defining the field; identifying key actors; providing a brief regional history; and exploring current drivers and trends (especially the role of climate change). Class visits to Arctic-relevant entities in Reykjavik will also be undertaken.

The aim of this course is to provide students with a thorough grounding in the overall field of Arctic studies, in order that they may progress to more focused coursework within that field. By bringing together academic knowledge of the field with practical experience at some of the main locations for Arctic-related activities in Iceland, the course demonstrates the important contribution Arctic studies make in the lived reality of Arctic affairs. The visit schedule is subject to change each year, but is likely to be drawn from the following list: the Ministry of Foreign Affairs; the Althingi; the Icelandic Coastguard; the Hofdi Peace Centre; the Arctic Circle Secretariat; relevant foreign diplomatic representation. 

Small States Theory: Opportunities and Constraints of Small States in the International System (STJ301M)

The aim of this course is to study the behavior and role of small states in the international system. The course deals with questions such as: What is a small state? What are the main constrains and opportunities of small states? Do small states behave differently in the international community from larger ones? The course offers an introduction to the literature on the state, the international system and small-state studies. The main emphasis, however, is on internal and external opportunities and constraints facing small states, for example how they are affected by and have responded to globalization, new security threats and the process of European integration. Special attention is devoted to Iceland and its reactions to economic crises and security threats. The course will also examine Iceland´s relations with the United States, China, Russia and the Nordic states, and its engagement with the European Union.

Iceland‘s Foreign Relations (ASK103F, ASK105F)

The course deals with Iceland's foreign affairs and foreign policy from 1940 to 2018. The aim of the course is to cover all major events in the history of Iceland's foreign affairs during this period such as membership of NATO, the defence and economic relationship with the USA, the cod wars and Nordic and European cooperation. The course also covers the most recent changes which are taking place in Iceland's foreign policy, i.e. more focus on developing aid and human rights. Theories in international studies and small-states studies will be used to analyse the case of Iceland.

Iceland in the International System (ASK103F, ASK105F)

The aim of this course is to develop skills in analyzing and discussing international cooperation and in particular, Iceland´s role in global affairs. Globalization from an historical and theoretical perspective is presented and the influence of globalization on politics, economics, states and individuals discussed. The foreign policy of Iceland is analyzed with an emphasis on the current priorities. Iceland´s role in the international system in relation to the current challenges is presented with an emphasis on security and defence matters, Arctic issues and Nordic cooperation. European integration will be explored relating to Iceland´s choices in European affairs, with a particular focus on the effects of the EEA agreement in Iceland. Moreover, Iceland´s UN participation and campaign for a non-permanent seat on the UN Security Council will be covered.

Leadership in Small States (previously The Power Potential of Small States) (STJ303M)

The aim of this course is to study strategies of small states to protect their interests and have a say in the international system. The course builds on the small state literature and examines whether small states tend to seek shelter, hedge, or hide in the international system. The focus is on the ability of small states to establish constructive relations with larger states and their power potential in international organizations. Special attention will be paid to current affairs and how a variety of small European states have been affected by and responded to the Russian full-scale invasion of Ukraine. The course will analyse crisis management in small states and how small states have responded to external crises, such as international economic crises and pandemics. The course examines small states’ methods to influence the day-to-day decision-making in the European Union. It studies the utilization of soft power by the smaller states, such as how small states use participation in the Eurovision Song Contest to enhance their international image. The course focus specially on small European states, in particular the five Nordic states. The course brings together some of the leading scholars in the field of small state studies and leadership studies by providing students with access to an online edX course on leadership in small states. The online edX course will supplement discussion in the classroom and cover in greater depth Small State Leadership in Public Administration and Governance; Small State Leadership in Foreign and Security Policy; Small State Leadership in Gender Policy; and Small State Leadership in International Diplomacy.

Theories of International Relations (ASK102F)

This course provides students with an introduction to the major approaches and theories of International Relations.  Students are introduced to the aims of theory, theoretical frameworks - rationalist vs reflectivist - as well as the main theories themselves.  How the theories can be applied in practice is also examined.

Theory aims to identify broad patterns and draw wider conclusions from a series of discrete moments in international affairs, in order to generate greater insight into, and meaning from, our world. With this in mind, this course explores the various ‘great debates’ that have emerged over time between and among theories of international relations, as well as more recent contributions. How theories can be used to interpret and understand world affairs will be demonstrated throughout the course, drawing on real-life case studies.

Basic Course in Public International Law (LÖG109F)

Duration of Instruction: September - October, and Oral Exam in October. This is a basic course in the field of Public International Law addressing fundamental issues in the field such as Sources, International Personality, States, Territory, Jurisdiction, Immunities, The Law of Treaties, State Responsibility, International Organisations, The United Nations, The Use of Force and Settlement of Disputes.  The course is mainly constructed for law students on a graduate level, while it can also be useful for students from other but related academic fields, such as in international relations, as there is an emphasis on approaching the topics to be dealt with also from an interdisciplinary perspective.

Hybrid Threats: Impact on states, societies and democracy (ASK033M)

The course is intended to introduce students to hybrid threats and hybrid warfare, that are increasingly prominent in security debates. Hybrid warfare has been utilized in war and conflict throughout history – to undermine adversaries, through disinformation and subversion. Modern technology and complex society have radically altered the scope and ease by which hybrid warfare can be employed. Different perpetrators can now pose such threats and engage in such warfare in more varied ways at less cost and risk.

Historical development will be introduced and current divergence, regarding hybrid warfare in the world, put into context of relevant theories of international relations. The main actors, their methods, and possible consequences will be studied, e.g., a serious threat to democracy. Also, the responses and resources brought to bear will be addressed, the problems that states and societies may find in planning their response and defence. Responses and remedies to hybrid threats will be addressed, the potential problems that may exist, as attacks and actions tend to undermine cohesion and promote fragmentation – which can further impede response.

Internship in International Relations (ASK501F)

Internship.

International Human Rights Law (LÖG111F)

Duration of Instruction: October - November. The objective is to present an overview of international cooperation for the protection of human rights, international human rights instruments their implementation and enforcement, as well as recent trends in the evolution of international action on human rights, etc. The course will present the system for the protection of human rights within the United Nations and focus on some of the major human rights treaties, particularly the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, the Human Righs Committee and the international Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. The main features of regional human rights cooperation in the world will be introduced, and particular attention will be paid to the European Convention and the Court of Human Rights. Issues in the field of humanitarian law will also be covered, as well as role of international criminal courts in implementing fundamental human rights.

Negotiations (ASK206F)

International negotiations are vital for states to ensure their citizens increased quality of life and secure their position as acceptable in the international system. The objective of this course is to observe how states manage their negotiations with other states and international lobbyist groups. Another aim is to observe how states defend their interests and push their objectives within international organisations. Theories of negotiation tools, management and organisations of negotiations will be dealt with.

Introduction to Security Studies (ASK220F)

This course introduces students to the dynamic and multifaceted field of security studies. It examines key questions central to the discipline: What is security? For whom is security intended? How is security defined and practiced? The focus of security studies centers around exploring these questions across various levels of analysis—individual, national, international, transnational, and global—as well as within distinct security domains, including political, military, economic, social, and environmental contexts.

Through theoretical frameworks and practical case studies, the course investigates how different approaches and levels of analysis shape our understanding of security challenges and solutions. Students will gain insights into both traditional and expanded notions of security, examining topics such as human security, cybersecurity, migration, climate change, and global health. By critically engaging with these dimensions, students will develop a deeper understanding of how security studies contribute to our practical knowledge and inform policies and strategies in addressing real-world challenges.

The Role and Policymaking of International Institutions (ASK201F)

International organizations (IOs) are ubiqitous on the global stage and collectively engage with virtually every aspect of international relations. This course will provide an introduction to the empirical study of international organizations and the politics and processes that govern their operations.

Rather than organizing around specific organizational histories or issue areas, the course will focus on investigating the political structures that underpin the system and how they fit together. To what extent can we think of IOs as independent actors? Who are the actors that influence them and how do they do it? How are IOs financed and what implications does that have for their operations? Who are the staff that work in IOs and how do they matter? These are the types of questions that will guide our analysis over the course of the semester.

In answering these questions, students will be exposed to a range of approaches for the study of international organizations. Readings will comprise historical narratives, case studies, and both qualitative and quantitative journal articles and book chapters. However, we will pay particular attention to recent scholarship on IOs so that students get a sense of the current state of affairs in IO research. The goal of the course is thus twofold: first, to help students understand and analyze the political and administrative dynamics that guide the operations of IOs, and second, to enable students to engage with a variety of scholarly work on IOs in pursuit of their own research topics and ideas.

The course builds on major theories of international relations but no substantive expertise is expected on individual IOs beyond what an informed news consumer might have. Where appropriate, background reading will be provided for students who need a refresher on particular topics/IOs. Our organizational focus will largely be on global organizations, such as the United Nations agencies, the World Bank, and the International Monetary Fund, but we will also spend some time exploring regional organizations, such as the Council of Europe, international non-governmental organizations (INGOs), and private actors.

Qualitative Research Methods (STJ203F)

Qualitative Methods provides students with an introduction to some of the most commonly used qualitative methods and methodological tools in political science. The main focus in the course is on case studies (including process tracing) and various tools and techniques used within case studies, e.g., qualitative content analysis, interviewing, and focus groups. One part of the course is also dedicated to discourse analysis. The course begins with a very brief introduction to philosophy of science and outlines basic ontological, epistemological and methodological issues in the social sciences. The remainder of the course is dedicated to the methods and tools/techniques listed above. Students will gain a deeper understanding of the philosophical underpinnings, assumptions and ambitions of the different methods, but they will also gain practical experience as to the design and execution of research within the different traditions.

The course is designed in a highly interactive way and emphasizes active student participation. It is expected that students have done at least the required reading assigned for the given day and are ready to participate in group work and discussions in class. There are two types of classes in this course: lecture & discussion classes and workshops. Each lecture & discussion class will be divided into three parts: a short agenda-setting lecture by the lecturer (40 minutes), group work (40 minutes), and a concluding general discussion (40 minutes). This design is highly effective with regard to achieving the course’s learning outcomes, but it also requires that students have familiarized themselves with the assigned reading for the day. In the workshops, the class will be divided into two groups (A and B).

Multicultural society and migration (MAN017F)

Human mobility and multicultural societies are often seen as the main characteristics of the contemporary world. In the course, we look at main theories approaching mobility and multicultural society, critically addressing them and analyzing their utility. The concept of multiculturalism and related concepts such as culture, assimilation and integration are critically evaluated, as well as mobility in the past and the relationship between mobility and multiculturalism. Different approaches in the social sciences are introduced and main research themes in anthropology in particular and social sciences in general will be examined.

The teaching methods are lectures and discussions.

Practical Statistics (STJ201F)

The course provides the student with an understanding of the scientific method and the basic skills of data analysis. Concepts such as causality, reliability, and validity will be covered. The course covers descriptive and inferential statistics, including topic such as variables, values, standard deviations, samples, significance, and hypothesis testing

Governance of the Internet (TÖL212F)

This course aims to provide a comprehensive overview of Internet governance and challenges in regulating cyberspace. Topics include the evolution of formalized internet governance, and the role of national governments, supranational organizations and private corporations in shaping the international regulatory framework for Internet governance.

The course will also explore the balance of privacy versus security, including the role of regulations such as GDPR and NIS2 to establish minimum requirements of “privacy” or “security” by design. The emergence of a “cyber-public” space has created new challenges for enforcing laws ranging from copyright to illegal content. Furthermore, the question of public/private cooperation in fighting against cybercrime and regulatory challenges regarding the emergence of cyberwarfare will be examined.

This course will be taught as a series of weekly lectures and bi-weekly seminars for student discussions and debates in internet governance topics.

Contemporary Armed Conflicts (ASK032M)

The main objective of the course is to provide students with theoretic and practical tools to analyze the causes and outcomes of the main conflicts around the world in the last 30 years. Through case-study analysis, students will be able to identify and analyze different types of armed conflicts, the role of state and non-state actors involved, as well as conflict-resolution/peacebuilding initiatives.

Additionally the course assessess the effectiveness of UN interventions to counter the so called New Wars and changes in warfare (mercenaries, cyberwarfare).

Conflicts that may be analyzed in class include the Balkans, Russia‘s intervention in Ukraine, the war against terrorism in the Sahel, Somalia, China‘s expansion in the South China Sea, Philippines, Myanmar, Iraq, Libya, the rise of ISIS, and  Colombia