The course provides an overview of definitions, history, aims, legislation, methods and ethical considerations in public health and public health sciences. The course lays emphasis on global public health as well as on the Icelandic health care system, its administration and funding in comparison with health care systems in other nations. An overview is provided on Icelandic and international databases on health and disease and possibilities for their utilization in research and policy making for health promotion. In addition, current public health issues at each time are emphasized.

The course provides an overview of the main determinants of health in a westernized society (such as Iceland) and preventive interventions at different levels of such societies. With main emphasis on planning, implementing and documentation of the effectiveness of interventions aiming at general health promotion and primary prevention, the course also covers examples of secondary and tertiary prevention. The students get training in planning their own preventive interventions.

The course is an introduction to epidemiological research methods and causal inference. An overview is provided on measure of disease occurrence, measures of outcome (relative risks), and study design (experiments, intervention studies, cohort studies and case-control studies). Emphasis is on systematic errors and on methods to avoid such errors in planning (study design) and in data analyses. Students get training in reviewing epidemiological studies.

This course is an introduction to statistics in the life sciences. The course covers the following topics. Types of data: categorical data, count data, data on continuous variables. Descriptive statistics; numerical statistics and statistical graphs. Probability distributions, the binomial distribution, the Poisson distribution and the normal distribution. The definitions of a random sample and of a population. Sampling distributions. Confidence intervals and hypothesis testing. Comparison of means between groups. Statistical tests for frequency tables. Linear and logistic regression with ROC analysis. Survival analysis with the methods of Kaplan-Meier and Cox. The course is based on lectures and practical sessions in computer labs. In the practical sessions exercises are solved with the statistical software package R and the RStudio environment.

This is a preparatory course for students in these interdisciplinary and research based studies. The course covers various practical issues, methods, study planning, refernce search, and scientific literacy e.g.. Students also aquire basic training in the statistical program R.

The course constitutes a practical guide to the preparation of a health-related research study. Modules include: reference search and handling, development of hypotheses, creation of a systematic critical review within chosen field of research, development and presentation of research proposals.

The course is for graduate students who have chosen a field/research question for their dissertation project.

The course provides an overview of public health in a global perspective. A special emphasis will be placed on the United Nation‘s Sustainable Development Goals and the Icelandic government’s plan of implementation. Additionally, specialists from different sectors will cover selected topics which may include health predictors, determinants of health and burden of disease in low income countries, social inequality, as well as policies that might improve primary health care and public health in those areas; the effects of conflict, insecurity and natural disasters on health; and relief worker experiences working in disaster areas.

The course may include a field trip to an institution in the fields of foreign policy, aid work or refugee resettlement in Iceland. 

The seminars are a forum for participation in academic debate as well as for discussions of their final thesis.

Topics can range from critical reading of a published study, a workshop/discussion on the student's final thesis or participation in an open seminar related to their field of interest.

The aim of the course is for students to gain training in methods and insight into the implementation of a specific research project in public health. Students get to know the theoretical background of the research they are working on and are trained to participate in a defined part of it, but the topics depend on the needs of the research project that is assigned. An example would be e.g. participation in the preparation of a research project and various work related to data collection and data processing (cleaning and/or analysis). Students will also get to know the different aspects of the research project under the guidance of the scientific staff leading the research and in collaboration with the research team.

Students attend regular meetings with the researchers and supervisors of the course. The research training is planned specifically for each student with regard to the content and progress of the research, the supervisor and the student's background. Study space is limited by the research projects that are ongoing at the Center for Public Health Sciences at any given time, and students apply for registration for the course at the program office.

The aim of this course is to provide practical training through direct involvement in a current public health based project within an institution or company. The student gets an overview of the main operations, values and aims of the institution chosen, by participating in a  specified project. Projects could include preventive interventions, health promotion or a specific health related treatment.

Practical on-site training is supplemented by three discussion sessions with the course supervisor, during which students get to share their experience at their host institution, learn from their fellow students experiences and get direction from the course supevisor.

The practical training is organized spezifically for each student with regards to institution, supervisor and the students background.

Students need to apply for participation and on-site positions will be advertised in the fall semester.

The MPH program is a 120 credit post-graduate and cross-disciplinary program in Public Health Sciences, including a 30-60 credit research thesis. Projects that have been submitted for publication can be awarded 60 credits. During the first semester students develop their research questions and choose a thesis advisor. A complete research proposal is presented at the end of the second semester. Departmental registration is determined by the students' area of interest and host faculty of their main advisor.

The objective of the MPH thesis is to provide training in constructing, organising, developing and conducting a research or developmental project in the public health sciences and an understanding of the technical limits, regulations, ethics and laws that must be observed in such work. Students should be able to define and present research questions and propose original hypotheses.

The MPH program is a 120 credit post-graduate and cross-disciplinary program in Public Health Sciences, including a 30-60 credit research thesis. Projects that have been submitted for publication can be awarded 60 credits. During the first semester students develop their research questions and choose a thesis advisor. A complete research proposal is presented at the end of the second semester. Departmental registration is determined by the students' area of interest and host faculty of their main advisor.

The objective of the MPH thesis is to provide training in constructing, organising, developing and conducting a research or developmental project in the public health sciences and an understanding of the technical limits, regulations, ethics and laws that must be observed in such work. Students should be able to define and present research questions and propose original hypotheses.

The aim of the course is to increase students' understanding of different areas within epidemiology, provide an introduction to area-specific methods, and to enhance students' ability to interpret results and assess the quality of scientific research in epidemiology.

The course will cover 4-6 specific areas or topics within epidemiology. Examples include perinatal, nutritional, pharmacological, and infectious disease epidemiology; featured topics may vary from year to year. 

This course is a continuation of Biostatistics I and constitutes a practical guide to statistical analyses of student's own research projects. The course covers the following topics. Estimation of relative risk/odds ratios and adjusted estimation of relative risk/odds ratios, correlation and simple linear regression, multiple linear regression and logistic regression. The course is based on lectures and practical sessions using R for statistical analyses.

This course focuses on the historical development of theories and perspectives on disability. Emphasis will be on ideologies that have influenced policies, services and disabled people everyday lives and social participation (i.e. normalization, independent living and human rights conventions). Considerable time will be devoted to exploring the new discipline Disability Studies, its origins, main characteristics and relations to other scholarship. Different theoretical perspectives on disability will be examined and the influence of particular theoretical approaches on the development of disability theory. Theoretical discussion will be connected to the disabled people's movements, human rights (including the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities), national and international policies, law and the social situation of disabled people.

Course Description

What can the making of the old Icelandic dairy product “skyr” tell us about how Icelandic society has developed for more than a thousand years? How does the microbiome affect health? How do we dispose of waste in an environmentally friendly way within an urban context and what silent majority of earthlings makes it happen? Microbial communities have shaped the earth and its inhabitants for eons, from the dawn of life on earth. To better understand and deal with the environmental, health, and social challenges of the 21st century, we need to better understand these first organisms and the symbiosis between them and other species, including humans. Recent studies reveal that more than half of the cells in our bodies belong to a variety of microbial species. Does that mean humans are microbes, or “merely” that our relationship with microbes is the strongest and most intimate relationship we have with others? The course invites students to explore the symbiotic practices of microbes and humans from various angles, from microbiology and ethnology, food and nutrition sciences and anthropology. Special attention will be given to the role of microbes in developing and preserving food in human societies, as well as their role in digestion, and how these roles are connected to human mental and physical health. The course also explores how microbes sustain vital nutrient cycles and their ability to transform garbage and waste into healthy soil.

The course works with the concept of „One Health“ which has been in development for the past couple of decades. One Health is a transdisciplinary and collaborative paradigm that recognizes the shared environment and interconnection between people, animals, plants and microbes. The approach promotes health and wellbeing for humans, animals and the environment, emphasizing coordination, communication, and joint efforts across disciplines. The topic will be explored through different examples of microbial-human relations such as how microbes affect the taste of food  and its composition, how diets affect gut microbiota, the role of fermentation in shaping microbial-human relations and how urban waste management disrupts nutrition cycles in the human environment. 

The aim of the course is to increase students‘ understanding of the main research methods in nutritional epidemiology and to enhance students‘ ability to understand nutrigenomics.

The course will cover the basics of epidemiology and nutritional epidemiology.  Methodology in nutritional epidemiology will be covered in depth and special topics in this field introduced.  The field nutrigenomics will be explained.    

The course addresses the main issues in gender studies through the lens of diversity in modern societies. The gender perspective is applied to provide an overview of the status and condition of men and women. The origins and development of the fight for women’s rights and gender studies as an academic field. The main concepts of gender studies are introduced, including sex, gender, essentialism and constructivism. Finally, the course looks into how gender necessarily intersects with other social factors.

Teaching Arrangement: The course is based on flipped learning, which means that all lectures will be available on Canvas. On-campus and distance students attend weekly discussion sessions at the university or on Teams, and online students participate in weekly discussions on Canvas

The course’s objective is to introduce students to the diverse, academic criteria of qualitative research in social sciences and secondly that student’s gain experience in using qualitative methods. Furthermore, the course is practical in nature where each student works on an independent research assignment, which consists of designing and preparing a research project, collecting and analyzing data, and writing the main findings with guidance from the teacher. Research preparation, the creation of a research plan, data collection and analysis along with academic writing will be extensively covered during the course.

The apple does not fall far from the tree? This course explores how a person’s social background affect the social position they ultimately attain in life and how inequality is reproduced from one generation to the next. The course addresses how social mobility has changed over time and across countries and which role education plays for the process of social mobility. We will discuss the main theories used to explain inequality in education and social mobility and (potential) changes over time. The course will focus on individuals’ social background (social class of origin, parental education or parental socio-economic status) but gender and ethnic inequalities will also be considered in the last meetings. In the seminar, we will read a mix of classic readings and more recent literature. Furthermore, special emphasis will be paid on discussing readings and findings from other countries with respect to the Icelandic country case.

Students will perform traditional statistical analysis on real data sets. Special focus will be on regression methods, including multiple regression analysis. Students will apply sophisticated methods of graphical representation and automatic reporting. Students will hand in a projects where they apply the above mentioned methods on real datasets in order to answer research questions

The course focuses on simple and multiple linear regression as well as analysis of variance (ANOVA), analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and binomial regression. The course is a natural continuation of a typical introductory course in statistics taught in various departments of the university.

We will discuss methods for estimating parameters in linear models, how to construct confidence intervals and test hypotheses for the parameters, which assumptions need to hold for applying the models and what to do when they are not met.

Students will work on projects using the statistical software R.

This course treats the debate on aid effectiveness, and institutions and actors within international aid, approaches to development cooperation, and their strengths and weaknesses. Multilateral institutions, bilateral donors, non-governmental organizations and emerging donors will be presented. Important approaches to aid, such as project support, sector-wide approach, budget support, result-based management, participatory methods and gender sensitive approaches will be introduced. as well as challenges in environmental and resource management and disaster aid.

Note: The course is only open to students that are yet to complete this course as a mandatory option, i.e. students registered for a postgraduate diploma in Development studies or Global health, and Global study MA-students with development studies as area of specialization.

The increase in human numbers and the scale of economic activity has put humans in a position to greatly influence environmental and resource change. Explaining the extent and impact of this influence or selecting and designing appropriate management methods is well beyond the theory and analytical tools of individual disciplines, such as economics, ecology, social or physical sciences. Before introducing the perspective and tools of various disciplines students must have at a minimum a basic understanding of the driving forces behind in addition to the physical and ecological principles of environmental and resource change. The aim of this course is to provide such a background. Some of the topics covered are:the ecological footprint, population growth, economic growth, technology and the environment, natural capital and ecosystem services, diversity as a resource, soil degradation, Pollution and health, Air, water and soil pollution. Climate change and ozone depletion. Urban smog and pollution from heavy industry. Municipal and hazardous waste. Freshwater resources, Marine resources. Forests and wetlands. Energy resources and Energy and the environment.

New theories and studies on globalization and global processes are presented in the class. The course aims at giving a general overview of important themes related to globalization processes. Studies that shed light on the diverse economic, social and political aspects of global processes are furthermore examined. A critical examination of main concepts is an important aspect of the course but studies that show how people are agents/victims in globalized world are also presented.

The teaching consists of lecture and class discussions. 

 The course is taught in English.

The aim of this course is to develop skills in analyzing and discussing international cooperation and in particular, Iceland´s role in global affairs. Globalization from an historical and theoretical perspective is presented and the influence of globalization on politics, economics, states and individuals discussed. The foreign policy of Iceland is analyzed with an emphasis on the current priorities. Iceland´s role in the international system in relation to the current challenges is presented with an emphasis on security and defence matters, Arctic issues and Nordic cooperation. European integration will be explored relating to Iceland´s choices in European affairs, with a particular focus on the effects of the EEA agreement in Iceland. Moreover, Iceland´s UN participation and campaign for a non-permanent seat on the UN Security Council will be covered.

Climate change is a global issue and one of the more challenging environmental problems of the present and near future. Since 1992 there have been many meetings and agreement under the auspices of the United Nations.

This course will cover the topic of climate change from several angles. Starting with the basic evidence and science behind climate change and modeling of future scenarios, then through impacts and vulnerability to efforts to mitigate and adapt to climate change. Issues such as climate refugees, gender aspects and negotiations are addressed.

Grading is based on a writing assignment, short quiz, course participation and presentations, in addition to group assignments where mitigation, future scenarios and basic processes are examined further. Students taking this course generally have very different backgrounds and you will have a chance to learn about climate change from different viewpoints.

Global health priorities are the focus of this course. The global burden of disease across countries will be scrutinized, as well as inequality and other important socio-economic determinants of health in a globalized world. Particular focus will be given to maternal, newborn, child and adolescent health from a global perspective, as well as health systems designed to provide good and timely services. Global nutritional challenges and mental health issues will be discussed as well as prevention and impact of infectious diseases such as malaria, tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS, cholera, Ebola and COVID-19. Other subjects for discussion and analysis with importance for health include violence, environment, culture, disaster and complex emergencies, as well as ethical issues. In addition, the work and policies of international institutions and development organizations will be discussed, including the Sustainable Development Goals.

The purpose of Cost benefit analysis is to facilitate social decision making. The purpose of the course in Cost benefit analysis is to introduce to the student the foundation of CBA. CBA is used in many applications where governmental agencies at all evels are involved. CBA is routinely used to assist in making decisions regarding highway projects, health-care projects and so on. CBA is also useful to evaluate projects involving environmental damage or renewal. Topics include: Conceptually correct measures of social surplus vs. measures actually used. Estimating consumer surplus, producer surplus, and government revenue (i.e., social surplus) in primary and secondary markets, the social discount rate, uncertainty and the value of information. Existence value, contingent valuation and the value of time,crime, life, noise, and other pleasures and pains.

Pharmaceutical sciences is a versatile field that integrates diverse disciplines such as organic chemistry, biology and biochemistry to understand how we can develope new drugs that can improve current therapies or be first in line as a treatment. Thus, studies on their physicochemical properties, their formulation into suitable drug and their action inside the human body is needed. In this course we aim to provide the overview of this field in a comprehensive way. This course is aimed towards students with no background in pharmacy/pharmaceutical sciences.

This course examines how social psychology can be applied to a wide range of social problems. We will, for example, discuss how to apply social psychological theories to the understanding of social matters such as social status, discrimination, prejudice, inequality, multiculturalism, aging, trauma, climate change, and more. Students will gain a theoretical perspective on how to positively influence people’s behaviour and will learn how to base public policy and prevention efforts on sound psychological knowledge.

The course aims at introducing students to economical issues as well as managerial accounting affecting health services. The same issues affect all factors whether the institutions in question are large or small and no matter if publicly or privately held. The appearance of these factors will be studied and how to affect them in a positive way. Concepts addressed:

• Supply, demand, factors of production, elasticity.
• Variable-, fixed-, direct- and indirect costs
• Taxation and externalities. Private- and public goods.
• Trade and comparative advantage. Circular flow of the economy.
• Cost of living, indexes and national accounts.
• Financial accounting, income statement and balance sheet.
• Cost accounting, managerial benchmarks.

The course focuses on statistical analysis using the R environment. It is assumed that students have basic knowledge of statistics and will learn how to apply statistical methods they know in R. Main topics are loading data, graphical representation, descriptive statistics and how to perform the most common hypothesis tests (t- test, chi-square test, etc.) in R. In addition, students will learn how to make reports using the knitr package.

The course is taught during a five week period. A teacher gives lectures and students work on a project in class.

The course will discuss of the importance of sleep and sleep’s great role in relation to sports, recovery, and health. The subjects in the course are based on sleep need and architecture for various age groups, importance of sleep for training and recovery, both for physical and mental health. The course will be based on studies on sleep and its associations with sport and health sciences. 

The aim of the course is to increase students‘ understanding of advanced methods in epidemiology and to enhance students‘ ability to interpret results and assess the quality of scientific research in epidemiology.

The course will cover positive and negative confounding, matching, propensity score, effect modification and interaction, instrumental variables, causal diagrams, and missing data. Scientific articles in epidemiology will be studied and discussed.

This course describes trauma in childhood and adulthood, including violence, accidents, disasters and life-threatening illness and their association with mental and physical health. Emphasis will be placed on introducing the scientific foundation of the trauma field and understanding scientific articles in this area. The main topics of the course include:

• Prevalence of traumatic events and acute stress reactions.
• Mental health problems following trauma, such as posttraumatic stress disorder, anxiety, depression, sleep disturbances, substance abuse and prolonged grief.
• The disease burden of trauma, due to e.g., cardiovascular diseases, cancers, autoimmune diseases, and suicide.
• The influence of environmental and genetic factors in the development of psychological and physical diseases following trauma.
• Factors that promote recovery post-trauma and reduce the risk of long-term health problems.
• Evidence-based treatment options for PTSD.

The course is intended for students who want to increase their scientific knowledge of the relationship between trauma and health. It is only intended for postgraduate students. The course consists of lectures by the main supervisor and selected guest speakers who are experts in the field of trauma. Emphasis will be placed on discussions and active participation of students.

The course is designed for international students. It aims to introduce students to key aspects of gender and equality theory and provide them with practical training in the field of equality. Numerous international agreements and national law in Iceland recommend or require gender mainstreaming in policymaking and public decision making. The course responds to this by providing practical preparation for jobs in international organisations, public administration, training, education, media, and other specialized fields. It looks into the history and meaning of the concept of gender equality with a special emphasis on gender and diversity mainstreaming, intersectionality and gender budgeting. It explores the numerical and substantial representation of gender and the importance of gender responsiveness in policy making and social discourse.

In this course, students are introduced to concepts and methods for planning, monitoring and evaluating projects/activities. It covers developing a problem statement, mapping stakeholders, development of a project plan, design of project evaluations, introduction to data collection, and reporting on project progress. Emphasis will be placed on the importance of stakeholder participation and gender mainstreaming. Approaches taught in the course are rooted in international development but are useful in the planning, monitoring and evaluation of projects/activities across all sectors. This course is designed to be practical and develop skills that are directly applicable in many workplaces. The teaching is based on a combination of theoretical instruction, discussion of real-life applications, interactive workshops, and guided group work. 

In the course, the challenges that different societies face as a result of various natural hazards are discussed in detail. The contribution of geography and social sciences to knowledge about the natural hazard–society nexus is examined. Major scholarly concepts and theories about people‘s response and adaptation to hazards are reviewed. The concept of risk is examined in detail, and research into risk perception by individuals and groups is discussed. Also the objective assessment of risk is looked into, as well as how impacts of hazard events, both locally and over larger areas, can be minimized. The hazard management cycle is introduced and roles and responsibilities of different response actors are clarified. Examples from both wealthier and poorer parts of the world are discussed. Students look into some specific events in detail, obtain data about them, analyse those data and discuss responses and consequences. Natural hazard research in Iceland, by geographers and others, is introduced. Also students visit Icelandic agencies that work in the field of emergency management and response.

The goal of this course is firstly to introduce the students to the basics of epidemiology and how it is related to health sciences and statistics. This knowledge is used to further examine research questions within the realm of pharmacoepidemiology. Lectures will provide basics, but students will simultaneously work on assignments related to the subject matter. Fundamentals of epidemiology and pharmacoepidemiology covered: risk, outcome, causation, transmission of disease and measuring risk, study design, role of chance, confounding and bias in epidemiology, drug utilization studies, systematic review and meta-analysis, ethical considerations in epidemiology and pharmacovigilance. Important research questions in pharmacoepidemiology and how it can be used in clinical decision making and policy. Checklists used to measure quality of clinical trials and epidemiological studies.

Social inequality impacts health. Those who are more vulnerable in society have, in general, worse health than those with more resources. In this course, we will focus on the relationship between social standing and health. Students will be introducted to the major theories within medical sociology, for example Link and Phelan´s theory of fundamental causes of disase and we will cover major empirical research in the field. One of the most important contribution of sociology is an understanding of how larger societal forces (for example, the health system and the welfare system) shape individual lives and therefore we will look at how the relationship between social standing and health is shaped by these forces. Since our health is a complex phenomenon we will also look at it from an interdisciplinary perspective, by using insights from public health, health science, antropology, and political science.

Over the past years, public discussion on how to address cases of sexual violence has been heated, particularly in the aftermath of the #MeToo Movement. Research shows that only a small percentage of such cases are reported to the police and only a small number of those cases lead to a conviction. This has been called a justice gap. Increasingly, we see victim-survivors of sexual violence tell their stories on social media, or in the media, and in some cases alleged offenders are named publicly which has evoked different responses amongst the public and had various consequences.

In this course, these societal developments will be explored from the perspective of sociology of law. Sociology of law uses theories and methods from the social sciences to examine the law, legal institutions, and legal behaviours, in the effort to analyse legal phenomena in their social, cultural, and historical contexts. To shed further light on the treatment of sexual violence cases, this course will also include readings from criminology, victimology, gender studies and the health sciences.

The course will seek answers to the following questions and more: Who commits sexual violence and why? How are men’s experiences of being subjected to sexual violence different from women’s experiences? Why is the legal status and rights of defendants different from that of victims? How is law in the books different from law in practice? How has the criminal justice system developed historically? What characterises legal education and the legal profession? What is the difference between legal consciousness and legal culture? How does legal justice differ from social justice? What are the advantages and disadvantages to non-traditional justice systems in comparison to traditional justice systems?

A discussion of some controversial issues in the field of bioethics, in particular those relating to developments in genetics and their possible effects upon medical services and health care policy.

The aim of this course is to develop the students' critical thinking and leadership skills for a sustainable future.  The material that will be introduced will show actions that can be taken to reduce individual/organisational/community/ country ecological/environmental footprints. The students will master scientific framework for sustainability - based on systems thinking. They will learn to link science/economics/social sciences to underpin policy, become aware of skills and methods needed to lead change, understanding carbon trading schemes, become aware of necessities of developing new economic, policy and legal systems and understand the components needed for building sustainable communities.  At the end of the course the students will be equipped to lead change towards a sustainable future, understand economic consequences of "business as usual", be able to detail measures to avert dangerous climate change, understand the legal framework for simultaneous policy and be fully aware of societal and economic consequences of "peak oil". Students will also be able to organise and run workshops on topics relating to sustainability, learn about successful cradle to cradle good practice, understand the meaning of embedded water and embedded energy and be aware of system's adaptation to climate change. Evaluation will be through workshops, presentations and group projects.

Intensive course, taught in modules over four weekends: Dates for spring semester 2023: January 20-21, February 10-11, March 3-4, and March 24-25.

The goal of this course is to deepen students' knowledge of gerontology and geriatrics. The social, biological and psychological aspects of aging will be discussed. Services for older adults  will be discussed in general as well as caring for special needs. Icelandic and international research will be presented. Various theories in gerontology will be examined and their effects on attitudes towards and services for older people. Cross discipline teamwork will be discussed with emphasis placed on working with various professions.

The course explores the application of social psychological methods, theories, principles or research findings to understanding or finding solutions to real social problems. The course will cover diverse topics such as social marketing, environmental psychology, cross-cultural psychology, group behaviour, prejudice, biases and fallacies in economic contexts, advertising and consumer behaviour, to name a few. Students will need to work independently towards developing their skills in the application of social psychology to problem solving. Such knowledge will be valuable in the job market upon graduation for those interested in careers involving research or policy-related work in applied contexts. Course assessment involves seminar presentations and written assignments.

In the course we examine the field methods and train students in their application. The focus is on ethical issues, research design, the fieldwork setting, participant observation, different kinds of interviews, use of visual material and the analysis of data and presentation of research results.

The course gives an overview of various models for defining mental disorders. Students are introduced to methods of current interventions and the results of outcome research. In addition, health will be defined and how thoughts are believed to influence health and health behaviour. The basic theory of Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) will be introduced and a theoretical overview of CBT, models, concepts and methods presented.

Course description:

The course introduces the main topics and challenges of public health nutrition, but also methods and approaches in the field of health promotion. Emphasis will be placed on health promotion projects in the field of nutrition in the West but also in developing countries. Nutrition is placed in the context of other health-related behaviors, people's situations and lifestyles. The main theories about health-related behaviors will be introduced, which factors control consumption behavior and what can be important if changes are made to health-related behaviors. The main nutrition-related prevention and health promotion projects in Iceland as well as foreign projects will be presented. Students gain skills in organizing public health projects in the field of nutrition and how research results can be used for prevention and measures aimed at improving health. All the main steps in shaping and preparing a project, its implementation and evaluation of results will be discussed.

We try to answer following questions as well as others:

Do we really control what we eat - or do we have limited choices?

Is public health determined solely by politics?

Is nutrition literacy an important concept?

Is your diet ruining Mother Earth's health?

Do you get something to eat if there is a war abroad?

What is your responsibility for starving children in the world?

What really governs the world?

Do you want to be involved in changing the world?

Create health promotion projects of your choice.

The course focuses on young people’s risk behavior (e.g. drug use, deviance, inconsistent school attendance) and resilience related to various pedagogical, social, educational, and psychological factors. Subjects dealt with in the course will for example be young people’s social development, communication skills, mental disorders, sexual reproductive health, trauma and their view on different challenges in their life. Different preventive measures will be discussed and the role of homes, schools and recreations in different preventions. A special focus is on developmental research that explores the relationship between developmental growth and risk behavior. Projects are designed to seek understanding on how young people perceive risk factors in their lives.

The course is offered as a distant education course. Teaching lessons will be recorded and put on the CANVAS education management system but if there is real time teaching then it will be recorded and put on CANVAS. Discussion lessons are once a week (60 min.) were students can choose between being in-house or online. The same goes for essay presentations which are at the end of the semester.

The course covers methods for analysis of cohort studies using methods for time to event or survival analysis. It is based on the course Biostat III – Survival analysis for epidemiologists in R at the Karolinska Institutet: See (https://biostat3.net/index.html): "Topics covered include methods for estimating patient survival (life table and Kaplan-Meier methods), comparing survival between patient subgroups (log-rank test), and modelling survival (primarily Poisson regression, Cox proportional hazards model and flexible parametric models). The course addresses the concept of 'time' as a potential confounder or effect modifier and approaches to defining 'time' (e.g., time since entry, attained age, calendar time). The course will emphasise the basic concepts of statistical modelling in epidemiology, such as controlling for confounding and assessing effect modification." 

This course provides a comprehensive foundation in security studies. It examines concepts and theories relevant in the field, then considers approaches to, and practices of, security across different levels of analysis: individual, national, international, transnational, global and human.
The focus of security studies centres around questions of what, for whom, and how, is security. Answers to these questions vary according to what level of analysis is adopted, and which security domain is being discussed (eg political, military, economics, social, environmental, etc). The course explores these dimensions thoroughly, and then considers what they contribute to our practical knowledge and experiences of security.

The purpose of this course is to provide students with understanding on how to plan and conduct survey research. The course will address most common sampling design and different type of survey research (phone, face-to-face, internet, mail etc.). The basic measurement theories will be used to explore fundamental concepts of survey research, such as validity, reliability, question wording and contextual effect. The use of factor analysis and item analysis will be used to evaluate the quality of measurement instruments.  The course emphasizes students’ active learning by planning survey research and analyzing survey data.

This course is taught every other year.

This course focuses on the variety of approaches and methods found within  research. Five qualitative approaches to inquiry are mainly in focus, namely; case study, narrative research, ethnography, phenomenology and grounded theory. Students gain a deeper experiences in data collection and in use of different methods for analyzing their qualitative data. They also gain experience in presenting their findings in written form. Additionally, students have the opportunity to reflect on their own research practices and on themselves as qualitative researchers.

International organizations (IOs) are ubiqitous on the global stage and collectively engage with virtually every aspect of international relations. This course will provide an introduction to the empirical study of international organizations and the politics and processes that govern their operations.

Rather than organizing around specific organizational histories or issue areas, the course will focus on investigating the political structures that underpin the system and how they fit together. To what extent can we think of IOs as independent actors? Who are the actors that influence them and how do they do it? How are IOs financed and what implications does that have for their operations? Who are the staff that work in IOs and how do they matter? These are the types of questions that will guide our analysis over the course of the semester.

In answering these questions, students will be exposed to a range of approaches for the study of international organizations. Readings will comprise historical narratives, case studies, and both qualitative and quantitative journal articles and book chapters. However, we will pay particular attention to recent scholarship on IOs so that students get a sense of the current state of affairs in IO research. The goal of the course is thus twofold: first, to help students understand and analyze the political and administrative dynamics that guide the operations of IOs, and second, to enable students to engage with a variety of scholarly work on IOs in pursuit of their own research topics and ideas.

The course builds on major theories of international relations but no substantive expertise is expected on individual IOs beyond what an informed news consumer might have. Where appropriate, background reading will be provided for students who need a refresher on particular topics/IOs. Our organizational focus will largely be on global organizations, such as the United Nations agencies, the World Bank, and the International Monetary Fund, but we will also spend some time exploring regional organizations, such as the Council of Europe, international non-governmental organizations (INGOs), and private actors.

The course focuses on statistical analysis using the R environment. It is assumed that students have basic knowledge of statistics and the statistical software R. Students will learn to apply a broad range of statistical methods in R (such as classification methods, resampling methods, linear model selection and tree-based methods). The course on 12 weeks and will be on "flipped" form. This means that no lectures will be given but students will read some material and watch videos before attending classes. Students will then work on assignments during the classes.

This is a comprehensive course in multiple-regression analysis. The goal of the course is that students develop enough conceptual understanding and practical knowledge to use this method on their own. The lectures cover various regression analysis techniques commonly used in quantitative social research, including control variables, the use of nominal variables, linear and nonlinear models, techniques that test for mediation and statistical interaction effects, and so on. We discuss the assumptions of regression analysis and learn techniques to detect and deal with violations of assumptions. In addition, logistic regression will be introduced, which is a method for a dichotomous dependent variable. We also review many of the basic concepts involved in statistical inference and significance testing. Students get plenty of hands-on experience with data analysis. The instructor hands out survey data that students use to practice the techniques covered in class. The statistical package SPSS will be used.

 In the course, students will deal with the concept of aging, quantity and quality of life and individual differences. The students will also be dealing with changes in structure, capacity and endurance with age cardiovascular and pulmonary function, muscular strength and power. Students will read researches to increase their ability to make use of research outcomes and will do exercises in older people to understand better the condition of this age group. Students will be trained in preparing a research, use of computer programs that do statistical analysis and publish findings from researchs. The focus will also be on motor coordination, motor control and skill and the physical-psychological relationships.

Procedure

Lectures, discussions, researches and exercises.

The aim of this course is for students to gain theoretical and practical knowledge on the administrative matters and prepare them for administrative roles in health care. The role of managers is emphasized including human resource management, teamwork, work environment, patient services, quality and safety. Students projects are derived from real practice locally as well as globally in present times as well as in the future, strenthening the theoretical as well as practical competence of students.

The course is taught in collaboration with the University of Minnesota and is a COIL (Collaborative Online International Learning) course that includes joint teaching material and projects with teachers and students in the DNP program in nursing leadership. The main cooperating teacher at the University of Minnesota is dr. Stephanie Gingerich, assistant professor at the University of Minnesota.

The course is intended for postgraduate students only. It is adapted to the needs of students from different fields of study. The course is taught over a six-week period.

The course is taught 12th January - 16th February on Fridays from 1:20 pm - 3:40 pm.

Description: 
The topics of the course include: Professionalism and the scientist’s responsibilities. Demands for scientific objectivity and the ethics of research. Issues of equality and standards of good practice. Power and science. Conflicts of interest and misconduct in research. Science, academia and industry. Research ethics and ethical decision making.

Objectives: 
In this course, the student gains knowledge about ethical issues in science and research and is trained in reasoning about ethical controversies relating to science and research in contemporary society.

The instruction takes the form of lectures and discussion. The course is viewed as an academic community where students are actively engaged in a focused dialogue about  the topics. Each student (working as a member of a two-person team) gives a presentation according to a plan designed at the beginning of the course, and other students acquaint themselves with the topic as well for the purpose of participating in a teacher-led discussion.

This course concerns health behaviour in general. The health behaviour of different age groups will be addressed as well as the association between biological factors, health behaviour and social status. How can behaviour, coping and stress affect health? Behaviour in relations to food and consumption habits is of particular interest. How is it possible to shape healthy habits from childhood, for example to influence food choice and overcome pickiness about food? Societal influence and the part of media is also addressed. The course literature is from various books and scientific articles from different fields and is intended to capture the subject in an interdisciplinary manner.

The main topic of this course is the importance and intitution of health promotion in various setting of society; the workplace, schools, sports as well as within the roam of people‘s leisure time. Various theories underlying health promotion will be introduced and the pros and cons of applying them in real life context will be discussed.  Students will have the platform to learn about the organization, execution and the process of health promotion. Special emphasis will be on introducing different methods to evaluate both the process and outcome of health promoting projects.

The course format is built on lectures and seminars. Active participation in class discussion, project productions and seminars is required.

Objective: Provide students with the oportunity to deepen their knowledge about the interaction between lifestyle, exercise and health and by looking at research in the field. Moreover, to gain more knowledge about various lifestyle-related diseases and the effects of exercise and training on them, both through preventive measures (primary prevention) and as a treatment option (secondary prevention).

The course is intended to introduce epidemiological research methods in the field of the relationship between physical activity and health and increase students' understanding and skills in reading scientific articles critically. How exercise affects health and reduces the risk of various lifestyle-related diseases will be explored. Research and observations on the interaction between movement-related lifestyles and different health factors will be discussed. The course will be taught in lecture format.

The course provides an overview of definitions, history, aims, legislation, methods and ethical considerations in public health and public health sciences. The course lays emphasis on global public health as well as on the Icelandic health care system, its administration and funding in comparison with health care systems in other nations. An overview is provided on Icelandic and international databases on health and disease and possibilities for their utilization in research and policy making for health promotion. In addition, current public health issues at each time are emphasized.

The course provides an overview of the main determinants of health in a westernized society (such as Iceland) and preventive interventions at different levels of such societies. With main emphasis on planning, implementing and documentation of the effectiveness of interventions aiming at general health promotion and primary prevention, the course also covers examples of secondary and tertiary prevention. The students get training in planning their own preventive interventions.

The course is an introduction to epidemiological research methods and causal inference. An overview is provided on measure of disease occurrence, measures of outcome (relative risks), and study design (experiments, intervention studies, cohort studies and case-control studies). Emphasis is on systematic errors and on methods to avoid such errors in planning (study design) and in data analyses. Students get training in reviewing epidemiological studies.

This course is an introduction to statistics in the life sciences. The course covers the following topics. Types of data: categorical data, count data, data on continuous variables. Descriptive statistics; numerical statistics and statistical graphs. Probability distributions, the binomial distribution, the Poisson distribution and the normal distribution. The definitions of a random sample and of a population. Sampling distributions. Confidence intervals and hypothesis testing. Comparison of means between groups. Statistical tests for frequency tables. Linear and logistic regression with ROC analysis. Survival analysis with the methods of Kaplan-Meier and Cox. The course is based on lectures and practical sessions in computer labs. In the practical sessions exercises are solved with the statistical software package R and the RStudio environment.

This is a preparatory course for students in these interdisciplinary and research based studies. The course covers various practical issues, methods, study planning, refernce search, and scientific literacy e.g.. Students also aquire basic training in the statistical program R.

The course constitutes a practical guide to the preparation of a health-related research study. Modules include: reference search and handling, development of hypotheses, creation of a systematic critical review within chosen field of research, development and presentation of research proposals.

The course is for graduate students who have chosen a field/research question for their dissertation project.

The course provides an overview of public health in a global perspective. A special emphasis will be placed on the United Nation‘s Sustainable Development Goals and the Icelandic government’s plan of implementation. Additionally, specialists from different sectors will cover selected topics which may include health predictors, determinants of health and burden of disease in low income countries, social inequality, as well as policies that might improve primary health care and public health in those areas; the effects of conflict, insecurity and natural disasters on health; and relief worker experiences working in disaster areas.

The course may include a field trip to an institution in the fields of foreign policy, aid work or refugee resettlement in Iceland. 

The seminars are a forum for participation in academic debate as well as for discussions of their final thesis.

Topics can range from critical reading of a published study, a workshop/discussion on the student's final thesis or participation in an open seminar related to their field of interest.

The aim of the course is for students to gain training in methods and insight into the implementation of a specific research project in public health. Students get to know the theoretical background of the research they are working on and are trained to participate in a defined part of it, but the topics depend on the needs of the research project that is assigned. An example would be e.g. participation in the preparation of a research project and various work related to data collection and data processing (cleaning and/or analysis). Students will also get to know the different aspects of the research project under the guidance of the scientific staff leading the research and in collaboration with the research team.

Students attend regular meetings with the researchers and supervisors of the course. The research training is planned specifically for each student with regard to the content and progress of the research, the supervisor and the student's background. Study space is limited by the research projects that are ongoing at the Center for Public Health Sciences at any given time, and students apply for registration for the course at the program office.

The aim of this course is to provide practical training through direct involvement in a current public health based project within an institution or company. The student gets an overview of the main operations, values and aims of the institution chosen, by participating in a  specified project. Projects could include preventive interventions, health promotion or a specific health related treatment.

Practical on-site training is supplemented by three discussion sessions with the course supervisor, during which students get to share their experience at their host institution, learn from their fellow students experiences and get direction from the course supevisor.

The practical training is organized spezifically for each student with regards to institution, supervisor and the students background.

Students need to apply for participation and on-site positions will be advertised in the fall semester.

The MPH program is a 120 credit post-graduate and cross-disciplinary program in Public Health Sciences, including a 30-60 credit research thesis. Projects that have been submitted for publication can be awarded 60 credits. During the first semester students develop their research questions and choose a thesis advisor. A complete research proposal is presented at the end of the second semester. Departmental registration is determined by the students' area of interest and host faculty of their main advisor.

The objective of the MPH thesis is to provide training in constructing, organising, developing and conducting a research or developmental project in the public health sciences and an understanding of the technical limits, regulations, ethics and laws that must be observed in such work. Students should be able to define and present research questions and propose original hypotheses.

The MPH program is a 120 credit post-graduate and cross-disciplinary program in Public Health Sciences, including a 30-60 credit research thesis. Projects that have been submitted for publication can be awarded 60 credits. During the first semester students develop their research questions and choose a thesis advisor. A complete research proposal is presented at the end of the second semester. Departmental registration is determined by the students' area of interest and host faculty of their main advisor.

The objective of the MPH thesis is to provide training in constructing, organising, developing and conducting a research or developmental project in the public health sciences and an understanding of the technical limits, regulations, ethics and laws that must be observed in such work. Students should be able to define and present research questions and propose original hypotheses.

The aim of the course is to increase students' understanding of different areas within epidemiology, provide an introduction to area-specific methods, and to enhance students' ability to interpret results and assess the quality of scientific research in epidemiology.

The course will cover 4-6 specific areas or topics within epidemiology. Examples include perinatal, nutritional, pharmacological, and infectious disease epidemiology; featured topics may vary from year to year. 

This course is a continuation of Biostatistics I and constitutes a practical guide to statistical analyses of student's own research projects. The course covers the following topics. Estimation of relative risk/odds ratios and adjusted estimation of relative risk/odds ratios, correlation and simple linear regression, multiple linear regression and logistic regression. The course is based on lectures and practical sessions using R for statistical analyses.

This course focuses on the historical development of theories and perspectives on disability. Emphasis will be on ideologies that have influenced policies, services and disabled people everyday lives and social participation (i.e. normalization, independent living and human rights conventions). Considerable time will be devoted to exploring the new discipline Disability Studies, its origins, main characteristics and relations to other scholarship. Different theoretical perspectives on disability will be examined and the influence of particular theoretical approaches on the development of disability theory. Theoretical discussion will be connected to the disabled people's movements, human rights (including the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities), national and international policies, law and the social situation of disabled people.

Course Description

What can the making of the old Icelandic dairy product “skyr” tell us about how Icelandic society has developed for more than a thousand years? How does the microbiome affect health? How do we dispose of waste in an environmentally friendly way within an urban context and what silent majority of earthlings makes it happen? Microbial communities have shaped the earth and its inhabitants for eons, from the dawn of life on earth. To better understand and deal with the environmental, health, and social challenges of the 21st century, we need to better understand these first organisms and the symbiosis between them and other species, including humans. Recent studies reveal that more than half of the cells in our bodies belong to a variety of microbial species. Does that mean humans are microbes, or “merely” that our relationship with microbes is the strongest and most intimate relationship we have with others? The course invites students to explore the symbiotic practices of microbes and humans from various angles, from microbiology and ethnology, food and nutrition sciences and anthropology. Special attention will be given to the role of microbes in developing and preserving food in human societies, as well as their role in digestion, and how these roles are connected to human mental and physical health. The course also explores how microbes sustain vital nutrient cycles and their ability to transform garbage and waste into healthy soil.

The course works with the concept of „One Health“ which has been in development for the past couple of decades. One Health is a transdisciplinary and collaborative paradigm that recognizes the shared environment and interconnection between people, animals, plants and microbes. The approach promotes health and wellbeing for humans, animals and the environment, emphasizing coordination, communication, and joint efforts across disciplines. The topic will be explored through different examples of microbial-human relations such as how microbes affect the taste of food  and its composition, how diets affect gut microbiota, the role of fermentation in shaping microbial-human relations and how urban waste management disrupts nutrition cycles in the human environment. 

The aim of the course is to increase students‘ understanding of the main research methods in nutritional epidemiology and to enhance students‘ ability to understand nutrigenomics.

The course will cover the basics of epidemiology and nutritional epidemiology.  Methodology in nutritional epidemiology will be covered in depth and special topics in this field introduced.  The field nutrigenomics will be explained.    

The course addresses the main issues in gender studies through the lens of diversity in modern societies. The gender perspective is applied to provide an overview of the status and condition of men and women. The origins and development of the fight for women’s rights and gender studies as an academic field. The main concepts of gender studies are introduced, including sex, gender, essentialism and constructivism. Finally, the course looks into how gender necessarily intersects with other social factors.

Teaching Arrangement: The course is based on flipped learning, which means that all lectures will be available on Canvas. On-campus and distance students attend weekly discussion sessions at the university or on Teams, and online students participate in weekly discussions on Canvas

The course’s objective is to introduce students to the diverse, academic criteria of qualitative research in social sciences and secondly that student’s gain experience in using qualitative methods. Furthermore, the course is practical in nature where each student works on an independent research assignment, which consists of designing and preparing a research project, collecting and analyzing data, and writing the main findings with guidance from the teacher. Research preparation, the creation of a research plan, data collection and analysis along with academic writing will be extensively covered during the course.

The apple does not fall far from the tree? This course explores how a person’s social background affect the social position they ultimately attain in life and how inequality is reproduced from one generation to the next. The course addresses how social mobility has changed over time and across countries and which role education plays for the process of social mobility. We will discuss the main theories used to explain inequality in education and social mobility and (potential) changes over time. The course will focus on individuals’ social background (social class of origin, parental education or parental socio-economic status) but gender and ethnic inequalities will also be considered in the last meetings. In the seminar, we will read a mix of classic readings and more recent literature. Furthermore, special emphasis will be paid on discussing readings and findings from other countries with respect to the Icelandic country case.

Students will perform traditional statistical analysis on real data sets. Special focus will be on regression methods, including multiple regression analysis. Students will apply sophisticated methods of graphical representation and automatic reporting. Students will hand in a projects where they apply the above mentioned methods on real datasets in order to answer research questions

The course focuses on simple and multiple linear regression as well as analysis of variance (ANOVA), analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and binomial regression. The course is a natural continuation of a typical introductory course in statistics taught in various departments of the university.

We will discuss methods for estimating parameters in linear models, how to construct confidence intervals and test hypotheses for the parameters, which assumptions need to hold for applying the models and what to do when they are not met.

Students will work on projects using the statistical software R.

This course treats the debate on aid effectiveness, and institutions and actors within international aid, approaches to development cooperation, and their strengths and weaknesses. Multilateral institutions, bilateral donors, non-governmental organizations and emerging donors will be presented. Important approaches to aid, such as project support, sector-wide approach, budget support, result-based management, participatory methods and gender sensitive approaches will be introduced. as well as challenges in environmental and resource management and disaster aid.

Note: The course is only open to students that are yet to complete this course as a mandatory option, i.e. students registered for a postgraduate diploma in Development studies or Global health, and Global study MA-students with development studies as area of specialization.

The increase in human numbers and the scale of economic activity has put humans in a position to greatly influence environmental and resource change. Explaining the extent and impact of this influence or selecting and designing appropriate management methods is well beyond the theory and analytical tools of individual disciplines, such as economics, ecology, social or physical sciences. Before introducing the perspective and tools of various disciplines students must have at a minimum a basic understanding of the driving forces behind in addition to the physical and ecological principles of environmental and resource change. The aim of this course is to provide such a background. Some of the topics covered are:the ecological footprint, population growth, economic growth, technology and the environment, natural capital and ecosystem services, diversity as a resource, soil degradation, Pollution and health, Air, water and soil pollution. Climate change and ozone depletion. Urban smog and pollution from heavy industry. Municipal and hazardous waste. Freshwater resources, Marine resources. Forests and wetlands. Energy resources and Energy and the environment.

New theories and studies on globalization and global processes are presented in the class. The course aims at giving a general overview of important themes related to globalization processes. Studies that shed light on the diverse economic, social and political aspects of global processes are furthermore examined. A critical examination of main concepts is an important aspect of the course but studies that show how people are agents/victims in globalized world are also presented.

The teaching consists of lecture and class discussions. 

 The course is taught in English.

The aim of this course is to develop skills in analyzing and discussing international cooperation and in particular, Iceland´s role in global affairs. Globalization from an historical and theoretical perspective is presented and the influence of globalization on politics, economics, states and individuals discussed. The foreign policy of Iceland is analyzed with an emphasis on the current priorities. Iceland´s role in the international system in relation to the current challenges is presented with an emphasis on security and defence matters, Arctic issues and Nordic cooperation. European integration will be explored relating to Iceland´s choices in European affairs, with a particular focus on the effects of the EEA agreement in Iceland. Moreover, Iceland´s UN participation and campaign for a non-permanent seat on the UN Security Council will be covered.

Climate change is a global issue and one of the more challenging environmental problems of the present and near future. Since 1992 there have been many meetings and agreement under the auspices of the United Nations.

This course will cover the topic of climate change from several angles. Starting with the basic evidence and science behind climate change and modeling of future scenarios, then through impacts and vulnerability to efforts to mitigate and adapt to climate change. Issues such as climate refugees, gender aspects and negotiations are addressed.

Grading is based on a writing assignment, short quiz, course participation and presentations, in addition to group assignments where mitigation, future scenarios and basic processes are examined further. Students taking this course generally have very different backgrounds and you will have a chance to learn about climate change from different viewpoints.

Global health priorities are the focus of this course. The global burden of disease across countries will be scrutinized, as well as inequality and other important socio-economic determinants of health in a globalized world. Particular focus will be given to maternal, newborn, child and adolescent health from a global perspective, as well as health systems designed to provide good and timely services. Global nutritional challenges and mental health issues will be discussed as well as prevention and impact of infectious diseases such as malaria, tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS, cholera, Ebola and COVID-19. Other subjects for discussion and analysis with importance for health include violence, environment, culture, disaster and complex emergencies, as well as ethical issues. In addition, the work and policies of international institutions and development organizations will be discussed, including the Sustainable Development Goals.

The purpose of Cost benefit analysis is to facilitate social decision making. The purpose of the course in Cost benefit analysis is to introduce to the student the foundation of CBA. CBA is used in many applications where governmental agencies at all evels are involved. CBA is routinely used to assist in making decisions regarding highway projects, health-care projects and so on. CBA is also useful to evaluate projects involving environmental damage or renewal. Topics include: Conceptually correct measures of social surplus vs. measures actually used. Estimating consumer surplus, producer surplus, and government revenue (i.e., social surplus) in primary and secondary markets, the social discount rate, uncertainty and the value of information. Existence value, contingent valuation and the value of time,crime, life, noise, and other pleasures and pains.

Pharmaceutical sciences is a versatile field that integrates diverse disciplines such as organic chemistry, biology and biochemistry to understand how we can develope new drugs that can improve current therapies or be first in line as a treatment. Thus, studies on their physicochemical properties, their formulation into suitable drug and their action inside the human body is needed. In this course we aim to provide the overview of this field in a comprehensive way. This course is aimed towards students with no background in pharmacy/pharmaceutical sciences.

This course examines how social psychology can be applied to a wide range of social problems. We will, for example, discuss how to apply social psychological theories to the understanding of social matters such as social status, discrimination, prejudice, inequality, multiculturalism, aging, trauma, climate change, and more. Students will gain a theoretical perspective on how to positively influence people’s behaviour and will learn how to base public policy and prevention efforts on sound psychological knowledge.

The course aims at introducing students to economical issues as well as managerial accounting affecting health services. The same issues affect all factors whether the institutions in question are large or small and no matter if publicly or privately held. The appearance of these factors will be studied and how to affect them in a positive way. Concepts addressed:

• Supply, demand, factors of production, elasticity.
• Variable-, fixed-, direct- and indirect costs
• Taxation and externalities. Private- and public goods.
• Trade and comparative advantage. Circular flow of the economy.
• Cost of living, indexes and national accounts.
• Financial accounting, income statement and balance sheet.
• Cost accounting, managerial benchmarks.

The course focuses on statistical analysis using the R environment. It is assumed that students have basic knowledge of statistics and will learn how to apply statistical methods they know in R. Main topics are loading data, graphical representation, descriptive statistics and how to perform the most common hypothesis tests (t- test, chi-square test, etc.) in R. In addition, students will learn how to make reports using the knitr package.

The course is taught during a five week period. A teacher gives lectures and students work on a project in class.

The course will discuss of the importance of sleep and sleep’s great role in relation to sports, recovery, and health. The subjects in the course are based on sleep need and architecture for various age groups, importance of sleep for training and recovery, both for physical and mental health. The course will be based on studies on sleep and its associations with sport and health sciences. 

The aim of the course is to increase students‘ understanding of advanced methods in epidemiology and to enhance students‘ ability to interpret results and assess the quality of scientific research in epidemiology.

The course will cover positive and negative confounding, matching, propensity score, effect modification and interaction, instrumental variables, causal diagrams, and missing data. Scientific articles in epidemiology will be studied and discussed.

This course describes trauma in childhood and adulthood, including violence, accidents, disasters and life-threatening illness and their association with mental and physical health. Emphasis will be placed on introducing the scientific foundation of the trauma field and understanding scientific articles in this area. The main topics of the course include:

• Prevalence of traumatic events and acute stress reactions.
• Mental health problems following trauma, such as posttraumatic stress disorder, anxiety, depression, sleep disturbances, substance abuse and prolonged grief.
• The disease burden of trauma, due to e.g., cardiovascular diseases, cancers, autoimmune diseases, and suicide.
• The influence of environmental and genetic factors in the development of psychological and physical diseases following trauma.
• Factors that promote recovery post-trauma and reduce the risk of long-term health problems.
• Evidence-based treatment options for PTSD.

The course is intended for students who want to increase their scientific knowledge of the relationship between trauma and health. It is only intended for postgraduate students. The course consists of lectures by the main supervisor and selected guest speakers who are experts in the field of trauma. Emphasis will be placed on discussions and active participation of students.

The course is designed for international students. It aims to introduce students to key aspects of gender and equality theory and provide them with practical training in the field of equality. Numerous international agreements and national law in Iceland recommend or require gender mainstreaming in policymaking and public decision making. The course responds to this by providing practical preparation for jobs in international organisations, public administration, training, education, media, and other specialized fields. It looks into the history and meaning of the concept of gender equality with a special emphasis on gender and diversity mainstreaming, intersectionality and gender budgeting. It explores the numerical and substantial representation of gender and the importance of gender responsiveness in policy making and social discourse.

In this course, students are introduced to concepts and methods for planning, monitoring and evaluating projects/activities. It covers developing a problem statement, mapping stakeholders, development of a project plan, design of project evaluations, introduction to data collection, and reporting on project progress. Emphasis will be placed on the importance of stakeholder participation and gender mainstreaming. Approaches taught in the course are rooted in international development but are useful in the planning, monitoring and evaluation of projects/activities across all sectors. This course is designed to be practical and develop skills that are directly applicable in many workplaces. The teaching is based on a combination of theoretical instruction, discussion of real-life applications, interactive workshops, and guided group work. 

In the course, the challenges that different societies face as a result of various natural hazards are discussed in detail. The contribution of geography and social sciences to knowledge about the natural hazard–society nexus is examined. Major scholarly concepts and theories about people‘s response and adaptation to hazards are reviewed. The concept of risk is examined in detail, and research into risk perception by individuals and groups is discussed. Also the objective assessment of risk is looked into, as well as how impacts of hazard events, both locally and over larger areas, can be minimized. The hazard management cycle is introduced and roles and responsibilities of different response actors are clarified. Examples from both wealthier and poorer parts of the world are discussed. Students look into some specific events in detail, obtain data about them, analyse those data and discuss responses and consequences. Natural hazard research in Iceland, by geographers and others, is introduced. Also students visit Icelandic agencies that work in the field of emergency management and response.

The goal of this course is firstly to introduce the students to the basics of epidemiology and how it is related to health sciences and statistics. This knowledge is used to further examine research questions within the realm of pharmacoepidemiology. Lectures will provide basics, but students will simultaneously work on assignments related to the subject matter. Fundamentals of epidemiology and pharmacoepidemiology covered: risk, outcome, causation, transmission of disease and measuring risk, study design, role of chance, confounding and bias in epidemiology, drug utilization studies, systematic review and meta-analysis, ethical considerations in epidemiology and pharmacovigilance. Important research questions in pharmacoepidemiology and how it can be used in clinical decision making and policy. Checklists used to measure quality of clinical trials and epidemiological studies.

Social inequality impacts health. Those who are more vulnerable in society have, in general, worse health than those with more resources. In this course, we will focus on the relationship between social standing and health. Students will be introducted to the major theories within medical sociology, for example Link and Phelan´s theory of fundamental causes of disase and we will cover major empirical research in the field. One of the most important contribution of sociology is an understanding of how larger societal forces (for example, the health system and the welfare system) shape individual lives and therefore we will look at how the relationship between social standing and health is shaped by these forces. Since our health is a complex phenomenon we will also look at it from an interdisciplinary perspective, by using insights from public health, health science, antropology, and political science.

Over the past years, public discussion on how to address cases of sexual violence has been heated, particularly in the aftermath of the #MeToo Movement. Research shows that only a small percentage of such cases are reported to the police and only a small number of those cases lead to a conviction. This has been called a justice gap. Increasingly, we see victim-survivors of sexual violence tell their stories on social media, or in the media, and in some cases alleged offenders are named publicly which has evoked different responses amongst the public and had various consequences.

In this course, these societal developments will be explored from the perspective of sociology of law. Sociology of law uses theories and methods from the social sciences to examine the law, legal institutions, and legal behaviours, in the effort to analyse legal phenomena in their social, cultural, and historical contexts. To shed further light on the treatment of sexual violence cases, this course will also include readings from criminology, victimology, gender studies and the health sciences.

The course will seek answers to the following questions and more: Who commits sexual violence and why? How are men’s experiences of being subjected to sexual violence different from women’s experiences? Why is the legal status and rights of defendants different from that of victims? How is law in the books different from law in practice? How has the criminal justice system developed historically? What characterises legal education and the legal profession? What is the difference between legal consciousness and legal culture? How does legal justice differ from social justice? What are the advantages and disadvantages to non-traditional justice systems in comparison to traditional justice systems?

A discussion of some controversial issues in the field of bioethics, in particular those relating to developments in genetics and their possible effects upon medical services and health care policy.

The aim of this course is to develop the students' critical thinking and leadership skills for a sustainable future.  The material that will be introduced will show actions that can be taken to reduce individual/organisational/community/ country ecological/environmental footprints. The students will master scientific framework for sustainability - based on systems thinking. They will learn to link science/economics/social sciences to underpin policy, become aware of skills and methods needed to lead change, understanding carbon trading schemes, become aware of necessities of developing new economic, policy and legal systems and understand the components needed for building sustainable communities.  At the end of the course the students will be equipped to lead change towards a sustainable future, understand economic consequences of "business as usual", be able to detail measures to avert dangerous climate change, understand the legal framework for simultaneous policy and be fully aware of societal and economic consequences of "peak oil". Students will also be able to organise and run workshops on topics relating to sustainability, learn about successful cradle to cradle good practice, understand the meaning of embedded water and embedded energy and be aware of system's adaptation to climate change. Evaluation will be through workshops, presentations and group projects.

Intensive course, taught in modules over four weekends: Dates for spring semester 2023: January 20-21, February 10-11, March 3-4, and March 24-25.

The goal of this course is to deepen students' knowledge of gerontology and geriatrics. The social, biological and psychological aspects of aging will be discussed. Services for older adults  will be discussed in general as well as caring for special needs. Icelandic and international research will be presented. Various theories in gerontology will be examined and their effects on attitudes towards and services for older people. Cross discipline teamwork will be discussed with emphasis placed on working with various professions.

The course explores the application of social psychological methods, theories, principles or research findings to understanding or finding solutions to real social problems. The course will cover diverse topics such as social marketing, environmental psychology, cross-cultural psychology, group behaviour, prejudice, biases and fallacies in economic contexts, advertising and consumer behaviour, to name a few. Students will need to work independently towards developing their skills in the application of social psychology to problem solving. Such knowledge will be valuable in the job market upon graduation for those interested in careers involving research or policy-related work in applied contexts. Course assessment involves seminar presentations and written assignments.

In the course we examine the field methods and train students in their application. The focus is on ethical issues, research design, the fieldwork setting, participant observation, different kinds of interviews, use of visual material and the analysis of data and presentation of research results.

The course gives an overview of various models for defining mental disorders. Students are introduced to methods of current interventions and the results of outcome research. In addition, health will be defined and how thoughts are believed to influence health and health behaviour. The basic theory of Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) will be introduced and a theoretical overview of CBT, models, concepts and methods presented.

Course description:

The course introduces the main topics and challenges of public health nutrition, but also methods and approaches in the field of health promotion. Emphasis will be placed on health promotion projects in the field of nutrition in the West but also in developing countries. Nutrition is placed in the context of other health-related behaviors, people's situations and lifestyles. The main theories about health-related behaviors will be introduced, which factors control consumption behavior and what can be important if changes are made to health-related behaviors. The main nutrition-related prevention and health promotion projects in Iceland as well as foreign projects will be presented. Students gain skills in organizing public health projects in the field of nutrition and how research results can be used for prevention and measures aimed at improving health. All the main steps in shaping and preparing a project, its implementation and evaluation of results will be discussed.

We try to answer following questions as well as others:

Do we really control what we eat - or do we have limited choices?

Is public health determined solely by politics?

Is nutrition literacy an important concept?

Is your diet ruining Mother Earth's health?

Do you get something to eat if there is a war abroad?

What is your responsibility for starving children in the world?

What really governs the world?

Do you want to be involved in changing the world?

Create health promotion projects of your choice.

The course focuses on young people’s risk behavior (e.g. drug use, deviance, inconsistent school attendance) and resilience related to various pedagogical, social, educational, and psychological factors. Subjects dealt with in the course will for example be young people’s social development, communication skills, mental disorders, sexual reproductive health, trauma and their view on different challenges in their life. Different preventive measures will be discussed and the role of homes, schools and recreations in different preventions. A special focus is on developmental research that explores the relationship between developmental growth and risk behavior. Projects are designed to seek understanding on how young people perceive risk factors in their lives.

The course is offered as a distant education course. Teaching lessons will be recorded and put on the CANVAS education management system but if there is real time teaching then it will be recorded and put on CANVAS. Discussion lessons are once a week (60 min.) were students can choose between being in-house or online. The same goes for essay presentations which are at the end of the semester.

The course covers methods for analysis of cohort studies using methods for time to event or survival analysis. It is based on the course Biostat III – Survival analysis for epidemiologists in R at the Karolinska Institutet: See (https://biostat3.net/index.html): "Topics covered include methods for estimating patient survival (life table and Kaplan-Meier methods), comparing survival between patient subgroups (log-rank test), and modelling survival (primarily Poisson regression, Cox proportional hazards model and flexible parametric models). The course addresses the concept of 'time' as a potential confounder or effect modifier and approaches to defining 'time' (e.g., time since entry, attained age, calendar time). The course will emphasise the basic concepts of statistical modelling in epidemiology, such as controlling for confounding and assessing effect modification." 

This course provides a comprehensive foundation in security studies. It examines concepts and theories relevant in the field, then considers approaches to, and practices of, security across different levels of analysis: individual, national, international, transnational, global and human.
The focus of security studies centres around questions of what, for whom, and how, is security. Answers to these questions vary according to what level of analysis is adopted, and which security domain is being discussed (eg political, military, economics, social, environmental, etc). The course explores these dimensions thoroughly, and then considers what they contribute to our practical knowledge and experiences of security.

The purpose of this course is to provide students with understanding on how to plan and conduct survey research. The course will address most common sampling design and different type of survey research (phone, face-to-face, internet, mail etc.). The basic measurement theories will be used to explore fundamental concepts of survey research, such as validity, reliability, question wording and contextual effect. The use of factor analysis and item analysis will be used to evaluate the quality of measurement instruments.  The course emphasizes students’ active learning by planning survey research and analyzing survey data.

This course is taught every other year.

This course focuses on the variety of approaches and methods found within  research. Five qualitative approaches to inquiry are mainly in focus, namely; case study, narrative research, ethnography, phenomenology and grounded theory. Students gain a deeper experiences in data collection and in use of different methods for analyzing their qualitative data. They also gain experience in presenting their findings in written form. Additionally, students have the opportunity to reflect on their own research practices and on themselves as qualitative researchers.

International organizations (IOs) are ubiqitous on the global stage and collectively engage with virtually every aspect of international relations. This course will provide an introduction to the empirical study of international organizations and the politics and processes that govern their operations.

Rather than organizing around specific organizational histories or issue areas, the course will focus on investigating the political structures that underpin the system and how they fit together. To what extent can we think of IOs as independent actors? Who are the actors that influence them and how do they do it? How are IOs financed and what implications does that have for their operations? Who are the staff that work in IOs and how do they matter? These are the types of questions that will guide our analysis over the course of the semester.

In answering these questions, students will be exposed to a range of approaches for the study of international organizations. Readings will comprise historical narratives, case studies, and both qualitative and quantitative journal articles and book chapters. However, we will pay particular attention to recent scholarship on IOs so that students get a sense of the current state of affairs in IO research. The goal of the course is thus twofold: first, to help students understand and analyze the political and administrative dynamics that guide the operations of IOs, and second, to enable students to engage with a variety of scholarly work on IOs in pursuit of their own research topics and ideas.

The course builds on major theories of international relations but no substantive expertise is expected on individual IOs beyond what an informed news consumer might have. Where appropriate, background reading will be provided for students who need a refresher on particular topics/IOs. Our organizational focus will largely be on global organizations, such as the United Nations agencies, the World Bank, and the International Monetary Fund, but we will also spend some time exploring regional organizations, such as the Council of Europe, international non-governmental organizations (INGOs), and private actors.

The course focuses on statistical analysis using the R environment. It is assumed that students have basic knowledge of statistics and the statistical software R. Students will learn to apply a broad range of statistical methods in R (such as classification methods, resampling methods, linear model selection and tree-based methods). The course on 12 weeks and will be on "flipped" form. This means that no lectures will be given but students will read some material and watch videos before attending classes. Students will then work on assignments during the classes.

This is a comprehensive course in multiple-regression analysis. The goal of the course is that students develop enough conceptual understanding and practical knowledge to use this method on their own. The lectures cover various regression analysis techniques commonly used in quantitative social research, including control variables, the use of nominal variables, linear and nonlinear models, techniques that test for mediation and statistical interaction effects, and so on. We discuss the assumptions of regression analysis and learn techniques to detect and deal with violations of assumptions. In addition, logistic regression will be introduced, which is a method for a dichotomous dependent variable. We also review many of the basic concepts involved in statistical inference and significance testing. Students get plenty of hands-on experience with data analysis. The instructor hands out survey data that students use to practice the techniques covered in class. The statistical package SPSS will be used.

 In the course, students will deal with the concept of aging, quantity and quality of life and individual differences. The students will also be dealing with changes in structure, capacity and endurance with age cardiovascular and pulmonary function, muscular strength and power. Students will read researches to increase their ability to make use of research outcomes and will do exercises in older people to understand better the condition of this age group. Students will be trained in preparing a research, use of computer programs that do statistical analysis and publish findings from researchs. The focus will also be on motor coordination, motor control and skill and the physical-psychological relationships.

Procedure

Lectures, discussions, researches and exercises.

The aim of this course is for students to gain theoretical and practical knowledge on the administrative matters and prepare them for administrative roles in health care. The role of managers is emphasized including human resource management, teamwork, work environment, patient services, quality and safety. Students projects are derived from real practice locally as well as globally in present times as well as in the future, strenthening the theoretical as well as practical competence of students.

The course is taught in collaboration with the University of Minnesota and is a COIL (Collaborative Online International Learning) course that includes joint teaching material and projects with teachers and students in the DNP program in nursing leadership. The main cooperating teacher at the University of Minnesota is dr. Stephanie Gingerich, assistant professor at the University of Minnesota.

The course is intended for postgraduate students only. It is adapted to the needs of students from different fields of study. The course is taught over a six-week period.

The course is taught 12th January - 16th February on Fridays from 1:20 pm - 3:40 pm.

Description: 
The topics of the course include: Professionalism and the scientist’s responsibilities. Demands for scientific objectivity and the ethics of research. Issues of equality and standards of good practice. Power and science. Conflicts of interest and misconduct in research. Science, academia and industry. Research ethics and ethical decision making.

Objectives: 
In this course, the student gains knowledge about ethical issues in science and research and is trained in reasoning about ethical controversies relating to science and research in contemporary society.

The instruction takes the form of lectures and discussion. The course is viewed as an academic community where students are actively engaged in a focused dialogue about  the topics. Each student (working as a member of a two-person team) gives a presentation according to a plan designed at the beginning of the course, and other students acquaint themselves with the topic as well for the purpose of participating in a teacher-led discussion.

This course concerns health behaviour in general. The health behaviour of different age groups will be addressed as well as the association between biological factors, health behaviour and social status. How can behaviour, coping and stress affect health? Behaviour in relations to food and consumption habits is of particular interest. How is it possible to shape healthy habits from childhood, for example to influence food choice and overcome pickiness about food? Societal influence and the part of media is also addressed. The course literature is from various books and scientific articles from different fields and is intended to capture the subject in an interdisciplinary manner.

The main topic of this course is the importance and intitution of health promotion in various setting of society; the workplace, schools, sports as well as within the roam of people‘s leisure time. Various theories underlying health promotion will be introduced and the pros and cons of applying them in real life context will be discussed.  Students will have the platform to learn about the organization, execution and the process of health promotion. Special emphasis will be on introducing different methods to evaluate both the process and outcome of health promoting projects.

The course format is built on lectures and seminars. Active participation in class discussion, project productions and seminars is required.

Objective: Provide students with the oportunity to deepen their knowledge about the interaction between lifestyle, exercise and health and by looking at research in the field. Moreover, to gain more knowledge about various lifestyle-related diseases and the effects of exercise and training on them, both through preventive measures (primary prevention) and as a treatment option (secondary prevention).

The course is intended to introduce epidemiological research methods in the field of the relationship between physical activity and health and increase students' understanding and skills in reading scientific articles critically. How exercise affects health and reduces the risk of various lifestyle-related diseases will be explored. Research and observations on the interaction between movement-related lifestyles and different health factors will be discussed. The course will be taught in lecture format.

The course provides an overview of definitions, history, aims, legislation, methods and ethical considerations in public health and public health sciences. The course lays emphasis on global public health as well as on the Icelandic health care system, its administration and funding in comparison with health care systems in other nations. An overview is provided on Icelandic and international databases on health and disease and possibilities for their utilization in research and policy making for health promotion. In addition, current public health issues at each time are emphasized.

The course provides an overview of the main determinants of health in a westernized society (such as Iceland) and preventive interventions at different levels of such societies. With main emphasis on planning, implementing and documentation of the effectiveness of interventions aiming at general health promotion and primary prevention, the course also covers examples of secondary and tertiary prevention. The students get training in planning their own preventive interventions.

The course is an introduction to epidemiological research methods and causal inference. An overview is provided on measure of disease occurrence, measures of outcome (relative risks), and study design (experiments, intervention studies, cohort studies and case-control studies). Emphasis is on systematic errors and on methods to avoid such errors in planning (study design) and in data analyses. Students get training in reviewing epidemiological studies.

This course is an introduction to statistics in the life sciences. The course covers the following topics. Types of data: categorical data, count data, data on continuous variables. Descriptive statistics; numerical statistics and statistical graphs. Probability distributions, the binomial distribution, the Poisson distribution and the normal distribution. The definitions of a random sample and of a population. Sampling distributions. Confidence intervals and hypothesis testing. Comparison of means between groups. Statistical tests for frequency tables. Linear and logistic regression with ROC analysis. Survival analysis with the methods of Kaplan-Meier and Cox. The course is based on lectures and practical sessions in computer labs. In the practical sessions exercises are solved with the statistical software package R and the RStudio environment.

This is a preparatory course for students in these interdisciplinary and research based studies. The course covers various practical issues, methods, study planning, refernce search, and scientific literacy e.g.. Students also aquire basic training in the statistical program R.

The course constitutes a practical guide to the preparation of a health-related research study. Modules include: reference search and handling, development of hypotheses, creation of a systematic critical review within chosen field of research, development and presentation of research proposals.

The course is for graduate students who have chosen a field/research question for their dissertation project.

The course provides an overview of public health in a global perspective. A special emphasis will be placed on the United Nation‘s Sustainable Development Goals and the Icelandic government’s plan of implementation. Additionally, specialists from different sectors will cover selected topics which may include health predictors, determinants of health and burden of disease in low income countries, social inequality, as well as policies that might improve primary health care and public health in those areas; the effects of conflict, insecurity and natural disasters on health; and relief worker experiences working in disaster areas.

The course may include a field trip to an institution in the fields of foreign policy, aid work or refugee resettlement in Iceland. 

The seminars are a forum for participation in academic debate as well as for discussions of their final thesis.

Topics can range from critical reading of a published study, a workshop/discussion on the student's final thesis or participation in an open seminar related to their field of interest.

The aim of the course is for students to gain training in methods and insight into the implementation of a specific research project in public health. Students get to know the theoretical background of the research they are working on and are trained to participate in a defined part of it, but the topics depend on the needs of the research project that is assigned. An example would be e.g. participation in the preparation of a research project and various work related to data collection and data processing (cleaning and/or analysis). Students will also get to know the different aspects of the research project under the guidance of the scientific staff leading the research and in collaboration with the research team.

Students attend regular meetings with the researchers and supervisors of the course. The research training is planned specifically for each student with regard to the content and progress of the research, the supervisor and the student's background. Study space is limited by the research projects that are ongoing at the Center for Public Health Sciences at any given time, and students apply for registration for the course at the program office.

The aim of this course is to provide practical training through direct involvement in a current public health based project within an institution or company. The student gets an overview of the main operations, values and aims of the institution chosen, by participating in a  specified project. Projects could include preventive interventions, health promotion or a specific health related treatment.

Practical on-site training is supplemented by three discussion sessions with the course supervisor, during which students get to share their experience at their host institution, learn from their fellow students experiences and get direction from the course supevisor.

The practical training is organized spezifically for each student with regards to institution, supervisor and the students background.

Students need to apply for participation and on-site positions will be advertised in the fall semester.

The MPH program is a 120 credit post-graduate and cross-disciplinary program in Public Health Sciences, including a 30-60 credit research thesis. Projects that have been submitted for publication can be awarded 60 credits. During the first semester students develop their research questions and choose a thesis advisor. A complete research proposal is presented at the end of the second semester. Departmental registration is determined by the students' area of interest and host faculty of their main advisor.

The objective of the MPH thesis is to provide training in constructing, organising, developing and conducting a research or developmental project in the public health sciences and an understanding of the technical limits, regulations, ethics and laws that must be observed in such work. Students should be able to define and present research questions and propose original hypotheses.

The MPH program is a 120 credit post-graduate and cross-disciplinary program in Public Health Sciences, including a 30-60 credit research thesis. Projects that have been submitted for publication can be awarded 60 credits. During the first semester students develop their research questions and choose a thesis advisor. A complete research proposal is presented at the end of the second semester. Departmental registration is determined by the students' area of interest and host faculty of their main advisor.

The objective of the MPH thesis is to provide training in constructing, organising, developing and conducting a research or developmental project in the public health sciences and an understanding of the technical limits, regulations, ethics and laws that must be observed in such work. Students should be able to define and present research questions and propose original hypotheses.

The aim of the course is to increase students' understanding of different areas within epidemiology, provide an introduction to area-specific methods, and to enhance students' ability to interpret results and assess the quality of scientific research in epidemiology.

The course will cover 4-6 specific areas or topics within epidemiology. Examples include perinatal, nutritional, pharmacological, and infectious disease epidemiology; featured topics may vary from year to year. 

This course is a continuation of Biostatistics I and constitutes a practical guide to statistical analyses of student's own research projects. The course covers the following topics. Estimation of relative risk/odds ratios and adjusted estimation of relative risk/odds ratios, correlation and simple linear regression, multiple linear regression and logistic regression. The course is based on lectures and practical sessions using R for statistical analyses.

This course focuses on the historical development of theories and perspectives on disability. Emphasis will be on ideologies that have influenced policies, services and disabled people everyday lives and social participation (i.e. normalization, independent living and human rights conventions). Considerable time will be devoted to exploring the new discipline Disability Studies, its origins, main characteristics and relations to other scholarship. Different theoretical perspectives on disability will be examined and the influence of particular theoretical approaches on the development of disability theory. Theoretical discussion will be connected to the disabled people's movements, human rights (including the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities), national and international policies, law and the social situation of disabled people.

Course Description

What can the making of the old Icelandic dairy product “skyr” tell us about how Icelandic society has developed for more than a thousand years? How does the microbiome affect health? How do we dispose of waste in an environmentally friendly way within an urban context and what silent majority of earthlings makes it happen? Microbial communities have shaped the earth and its inhabitants for eons, from the dawn of life on earth. To better understand and deal with the environmental, health, and social challenges of the 21st century, we need to better understand these first organisms and the symbiosis between them and other species, including humans. Recent studies reveal that more than half of the cells in our bodies belong to a variety of microbial species. Does that mean humans are microbes, or “merely” that our relationship with microbes is the strongest and most intimate relationship we have with others? The course invites students to explore the symbiotic practices of microbes and humans from various angles, from microbiology and ethnology, food and nutrition sciences and anthropology. Special attention will be given to the role of microbes in developing and preserving food in human societies, as well as their role in digestion, and how these roles are connected to human mental and physical health. The course also explores how microbes sustain vital nutrient cycles and their ability to transform garbage and waste into healthy soil.

The course works with the concept of „One Health“ which has been in development for the past couple of decades. One Health is a transdisciplinary and collaborative paradigm that recognizes the shared environment and interconnection between people, animals, plants and microbes. The approach promotes health and wellbeing for humans, animals and the environment, emphasizing coordination, communication, and joint efforts across disciplines. The topic will be explored through different examples of microbial-human relations such as how microbes affect the taste of food  and its composition, how diets affect gut microbiota, the role of fermentation in shaping microbial-human relations and how urban waste management disrupts nutrition cycles in the human environment. 

The aim of the course is to increase students‘ understanding of the main research methods in nutritional epidemiology and to enhance students‘ ability to understand nutrigenomics.

The course will cover the basics of epidemiology and nutritional epidemiology.  Methodology in nutritional epidemiology will be covered in depth and special topics in this field introduced.  The field nutrigenomics will be explained.    

The course addresses the main issues in gender studies through the lens of diversity in modern societies. The gender perspective is applied to provide an overview of the status and condition of men and women. The origins and development of the fight for women’s rights and gender studies as an academic field. The main concepts of gender studies are introduced, including sex, gender, essentialism and constructivism. Finally, the course looks into how gender necessarily intersects with other social factors.

Teaching Arrangement: The course is based on flipped learning, which means that all lectures will be available on Canvas. On-campus and distance students attend weekly discussion sessions at the university or on Teams, and online students participate in weekly discussions on Canvas

The course’s objective is to introduce students to the diverse, academic criteria of qualitative research in social sciences and secondly that student’s gain experience in using qualitative methods. Furthermore, the course is practical in nature where each student works on an independent research assignment, which consists of designing and preparing a research project, collecting and analyzing data, and writing the main findings with guidance from the teacher. Research preparation, the creation of a research plan, data collection and analysis along with academic writing will be extensively covered during the course.

The apple does not fall far from the tree? This course explores how a person’s social background affect the social position they ultimately attain in life and how inequality is reproduced from one generation to the next. The course addresses how social mobility has changed over time and across countries and which role education plays for the process of social mobility. We will discuss the main theories used to explain inequality in education and social mobility and (potential) changes over time. The course will focus on individuals’ social background (social class of origin, parental education or parental socio-economic status) but gender and ethnic inequalities will also be considered in the last meetings. In the seminar, we will read a mix of classic readings and more recent literature. Furthermore, special emphasis will be paid on discussing readings and findings from other countries with respect to the Icelandic country case.

Students will perform traditional statistical analysis on real data sets. Special focus will be on regression methods, including multiple regression analysis. Students will apply sophisticated methods of graphical representation and automatic reporting. Students will hand in a projects where they apply the above mentioned methods on real datasets in order to answer research questions

The course focuses on simple and multiple linear regression as well as analysis of variance (ANOVA), analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and binomial regression. The course is a natural continuation of a typical introductory course in statistics taught in various departments of the university.

We will discuss methods for estimating parameters in linear models, how to construct confidence intervals and test hypotheses for the parameters, which assumptions need to hold for applying the models and what to do when they are not met.

Students will work on projects using the statistical software R.

This course treats the debate on aid effectiveness, and institutions and actors within international aid, approaches to development cooperation, and their strengths and weaknesses. Multilateral institutions, bilateral donors, non-governmental organizations and emerging donors will be presented. Important approaches to aid, such as project support, sector-wide approach, budget support, result-based management, participatory methods and gender sensitive approaches will be introduced. as well as challenges in environmental and resource management and disaster aid.

Note: The course is only open to students that are yet to complete this course as a mandatory option, i.e. students registered for a postgraduate diploma in Development studies or Global health, and Global study MA-students with development studies as area of specialization.

The increase in human numbers and the scale of economic activity has put humans in a position to greatly influence environmental and resource change. Explaining the extent and impact of this influence or selecting and designing appropriate management methods is well beyond the theory and analytical tools of individual disciplines, such as economics, ecology, social or physical sciences. Before introducing the perspective and tools of various disciplines students must have at a minimum a basic understanding of the driving forces behind in addition to the physical and ecological principles of environmental and resource change. The aim of this course is to provide such a background. Some of the topics covered are:the ecological footprint, population growth, economic growth, technology and the environment, natural capital and ecosystem services, diversity as a resource, soil degradation, Pollution and health, Air, water and soil pollution. Climate change and ozone depletion. Urban smog and pollution from heavy industry. Municipal and hazardous waste. Freshwater resources, Marine resources. Forests and wetlands. Energy resources and Energy and the environment.

New theories and studies on globalization and global processes are presented in the class. The course aims at giving a general overview of important themes related to globalization processes. Studies that shed light on the diverse economic, social and political aspects of global processes are furthermore examined. A critical examination of main concepts is an important aspect of the course but studies that show how people are agents/victims in globalized world are also presented.

The teaching consists of lecture and class discussions. 

 The course is taught in English.

The aim of this course is to develop skills in analyzing and discussing international cooperation and in particular, Iceland´s role in global affairs. Globalization from an historical and theoretical perspective is presented and the influence of globalization on politics, economics, states and individuals discussed. The foreign policy of Iceland is analyzed with an emphasis on the current priorities. Iceland´s role in the international system in relation to the current challenges is presented with an emphasis on security and defence matters, Arctic issues and Nordic cooperation. European integration will be explored relating to Iceland´s choices in European affairs, with a particular focus on the effects of the EEA agreement in Iceland. Moreover, Iceland´s UN participation and campaign for a non-permanent seat on the UN Security Council will be covered.

Climate change is a global issue and one of the more challenging environmental problems of the present and near future. Since 1992 there have been many meetings and agreement under the auspices of the United Nations.

This course will cover the topic of climate change from several angles. Starting with the basic evidence and science behind climate change and modeling of future scenarios, then through impacts and vulnerability to efforts to mitigate and adapt to climate change. Issues such as climate refugees, gender aspects and negotiations are addressed.

Grading is based on a writing assignment, short quiz, course participation and presentations, in addition to group assignments where mitigation, future scenarios and basic processes are examined further. Students taking this course generally have very different backgrounds and you will have a chance to learn about climate change from different viewpoints.

Global health priorities are the focus of this course. The global burden of disease across countries will be scrutinized, as well as inequality and other important socio-economic determinants of health in a globalized world. Particular focus will be given to maternal, newborn, child and adolescent health from a global perspective, as well as health systems designed to provide good and timely services. Global nutritional challenges and mental health issues will be discussed as well as prevention and impact of infectious diseases such as malaria, tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS, cholera, Ebola and COVID-19. Other subjects for discussion and analysis with importance for health include violence, environment, culture, disaster and complex emergencies, as well as ethical issues. In addition, the work and policies of international institutions and development organizations will be discussed, including the Sustainable Development Goals.

The purpose of Cost benefit analysis is to facilitate social decision making. The purpose of the course in Cost benefit analysis is to introduce to the student the foundation of CBA. CBA is used in many applications where governmental agencies at all evels are involved. CBA is routinely used to assist in making decisions regarding highway projects, health-care projects and so on. CBA is also useful to evaluate projects involving environmental damage or renewal. Topics include: Conceptually correct measures of social surplus vs. measures actually used. Estimating consumer surplus, producer surplus, and government revenue (i.e., social surplus) in primary and secondary markets, the social discount rate, uncertainty and the value of information. Existence value, contingent valuation and the value of time,crime, life, noise, and other pleasures and pains.

Pharmaceutical sciences is a versatile field that integrates diverse disciplines such as organic chemistry, biology and biochemistry to understand how we can develope new drugs that can improve current therapies or be first in line as a treatment. Thus, studies on their physicochemical properties, their formulation into suitable drug and their action inside the human body is needed. In this course we aim to provide the overview of this field in a comprehensive way. This course is aimed towards students with no background in pharmacy/pharmaceutical sciences.

This course examines how social psychology can be applied to a wide range of social problems. We will, for example, discuss how to apply social psychological theories to the understanding of social matters such as social status, discrimination, prejudice, inequality, multiculturalism, aging, trauma, climate change, and more. Students will gain a theoretical perspective on how to positively influence people’s behaviour and will learn how to base public policy and prevention efforts on sound psychological knowledge.

The course aims at introducing students to economical issues as well as managerial accounting affecting health services. The same issues affect all factors whether the institutions in question are large or small and no matter if publicly or privately held. The appearance of these factors will be studied and how to affect them in a positive way. Concepts addressed:

• Supply, demand, factors of production, elasticity.
• Variable-, fixed-, direct- and indirect costs
• Taxation and externalities. Private- and public goods.
• Trade and comparative advantage. Circular flow of the economy.
• Cost of living, indexes and national accounts.
• Financial accounting, income statement and balance sheet.
• Cost accounting, managerial benchmarks.

The course focuses on statistical analysis using the R environment. It is assumed that students have basic knowledge of statistics and will learn how to apply statistical methods they know in R. Main topics are loading data, graphical representation, descriptive statistics and how to perform the most common hypothesis tests (t- test, chi-square test, etc.) in R. In addition, students will learn how to make reports using the knitr package.

The course is taught during a five week period. A teacher gives lectures and students work on a project in class.

The course will discuss of the importance of sleep and sleep’s great role in relation to sports, recovery, and health. The subjects in the course are based on sleep need and architecture for various age groups, importance of sleep for training and recovery, both for physical and mental health. The course will be based on studies on sleep and its associations with sport and health sciences. 

The aim of the course is to increase students‘ understanding of advanced methods in epidemiology and to enhance students‘ ability to interpret results and assess the quality of scientific research in epidemiology.

The course will cover positive and negative confounding, matching, propensity score, effect modification and interaction, instrumental variables, causal diagrams, and missing data. Scientific articles in epidemiology will be studied and discussed.

This course describes trauma in childhood and adulthood, including violence, accidents, disasters and life-threatening illness and their association with mental and physical health. Emphasis will be placed on introducing the scientific foundation of the trauma field and understanding scientific articles in this area. The main topics of the course include:

• Prevalence of traumatic events and acute stress reactions.
• Mental health problems following trauma, such as posttraumatic stress disorder, anxiety, depression, sleep disturbances, substance abuse and prolonged grief.
• The disease burden of trauma, due to e.g., cardiovascular diseases, cancers, autoimmune diseases, and suicide.
• The influence of environmental and genetic factors in the development of psychological and physical diseases following trauma.
• Factors that promote recovery post-trauma and reduce the risk of long-term health problems.
• Evidence-based treatment options for PTSD.

The course is intended for students who want to increase their scientific knowledge of the relationship between trauma and health. It is only intended for postgraduate students. The course consists of lectures by the main supervisor and selected guest speakers who are experts in the field of trauma. Emphasis will be placed on discussions and active participation of students.

The course is designed for international students. It aims to introduce students to key aspects of gender and equality theory and provide them with practical training in the field of equality. Numerous international agreements and national law in Iceland recommend or require gender mainstreaming in policymaking and public decision making. The course responds to this by providing practical preparation for jobs in international organisations, public administration, training, education, media, and other specialized fields. It looks into the history and meaning of the concept of gender equality with a special emphasis on gender and diversity mainstreaming, intersectionality and gender budgeting. It explores the numerical and substantial representation of gender and the importance of gender responsiveness in policy making and social discourse.

In this course, students are introduced to concepts and methods for planning, monitoring and evaluating projects/activities. It covers developing a problem statement, mapping stakeholders, development of a project plan, design of project evaluations, introduction to data collection, and reporting on project progress. Emphasis will be placed on the importance of stakeholder participation and gender mainstreaming. Approaches taught in the course are rooted in international development but are useful in the planning, monitoring and evaluation of projects/activities across all sectors. This course is designed to be practical and develop skills that are directly applicable in many workplaces. The teaching is based on a combination of theoretical instruction, discussion of real-life applications, interactive workshops, and guided group work. 

In the course, the challenges that different societies face as a result of various natural hazards are discussed in detail. The contribution of geography and social sciences to knowledge about the natural hazard–society nexus is examined. Major scholarly concepts and theories about people‘s response and adaptation to hazards are reviewed. The concept of risk is examined in detail, and research into risk perception by individuals and groups is discussed. Also the objective assessment of risk is looked into, as well as how impacts of hazard events, both locally and over larger areas, can be minimized. The hazard management cycle is introduced and roles and responsibilities of different response actors are clarified. Examples from both wealthier and poorer parts of the world are discussed. Students look into some specific events in detail, obtain data about them, analyse those data and discuss responses and consequences. Natural hazard research in Iceland, by geographers and others, is introduced. Also students visit Icelandic agencies that work in the field of emergency management and response.

The goal of this course is firstly to introduce the students to the basics of epidemiology and how it is related to health sciences and statistics. This knowledge is used to further examine research questions within the realm of pharmacoepidemiology. Lectures will provide basics, but students will simultaneously work on assignments related to the subject matter. Fundamentals of epidemiology and pharmacoepidemiology covered: risk, outcome, causation, transmission of disease and measuring risk, study design, role of chance, confounding and bias in epidemiology, drug utilization studies, systematic review and meta-analysis, ethical considerations in epidemiology and pharmacovigilance. Important research questions in pharmacoepidemiology and how it can be used in clinical decision making and policy. Checklists used to measure quality of clinical trials and epidemiological studies.

Social inequality impacts health. Those who are more vulnerable in society have, in general, worse health than those with more resources. In this course, we will focus on the relationship between social standing and health. Students will be introducted to the major theories within medical sociology, for example Link and Phelan´s theory of fundamental causes of disase and we will cover major empirical research in the field. One of the most important contribution of sociology is an understanding of how larger societal forces (for example, the health system and the welfare system) shape individual lives and therefore we will look at how the relationship between social standing and health is shaped by these forces. Since our health is a complex phenomenon we will also look at it from an interdisciplinary perspective, by using insights from public health, health science, antropology, and political science.

Over the past years, public discussion on how to address cases of sexual violence has been heated, particularly in the aftermath of the #MeToo Movement. Research shows that only a small percentage of such cases are reported to the police and only a small number of those cases lead to a conviction. This has been called a justice gap. Increasingly, we see victim-survivors of sexual violence tell their stories on social media, or in the media, and in some cases alleged offenders are named publicly which has evoked different responses amongst the public and had various consequences.

In this course, these societal developments will be explored from the perspective of sociology of law. Sociology of law uses theories and methods from the social sciences to examine the law, legal institutions, and legal behaviours, in the effort to analyse legal phenomena in their social, cultural, and historical contexts. To shed further light on the treatment of sexual violence cases, this course will also include readings from criminology, victimology, gender studies and the health sciences.

The course will seek answers to the following questions and more: Who commits sexual violence and why? How are men’s experiences of being subjected to sexual violence different from women’s experiences? Why is the legal status and rights of defendants different from that of victims? How is law in the books different from law in practice? How has the criminal justice system developed historically? What characterises legal education and the legal profession? What is the difference between legal consciousness and legal culture? How does legal justice differ from social justice? What are the advantages and disadvantages to non-traditional justice systems in comparison to traditional justice systems?

A discussion of some controversial issues in the field of bioethics, in particular those relating to developments in genetics and their possible effects upon medical services and health care policy.

The aim of this course is to develop the students' critical thinking and leadership skills for a sustainable future.  The material that will be introduced will show actions that can be taken to reduce individual/organisational/community/ country ecological/environmental footprints. The students will master scientific framework for sustainability - based on systems thinking. They will learn to link science/economics/social sciences to underpin policy, become aware of skills and methods needed to lead change, understanding carbon trading schemes, become aware of necessities of developing new economic, policy and legal systems and understand the components needed for building sustainable communities.  At the end of the course the students will be equipped to lead change towards a sustainable future, understand economic consequences of "business as usual", be able to detail measures to avert dangerous climate change, understand the legal framework for simultaneous policy and be fully aware of societal and economic consequences of "peak oil". Students will also be able to organise and run workshops on topics relating to sustainability, learn about successful cradle to cradle good practice, understand the meaning of embedded water and embedded energy and be aware of system's adaptation to climate change. Evaluation will be through workshops, presentations and group projects.

Intensive course, taught in modules over four weekends: Dates for spring semester 2023: January 20-21, February 10-11, March 3-4, and March 24-25.

The goal of this course is to deepen students' knowledge of gerontology and geriatrics. The social, biological and psychological aspects of aging will be discussed. Services for older adults  will be discussed in general as well as caring for special needs. Icelandic and international research will be presented. Various theories in gerontology will be examined and their effects on attitudes towards and services for older people. Cross discipline teamwork will be discussed with emphasis placed on working with various professions.

The course explores the application of social psychological methods, theories, principles or research findings to understanding or finding solutions to real social problems. The course will cover diverse topics such as social marketing, environmental psychology, cross-cultural psychology, group behaviour, prejudice, biases and fallacies in economic contexts, advertising and consumer behaviour, to name a few. Students will need to work independently towards developing their skills in the application of social psychology to problem solving. Such knowledge will be valuable in the job market upon graduation for those interested in careers involving research or policy-related work in applied contexts. Course assessment involves seminar presentations and written assignments.

In the course we examine the field methods and train students in their application. The focus is on ethical issues, research design, the fieldwork setting, participant observation, different kinds of interviews, use of visual material and the analysis of data and presentation of research results.

The course gives an overview of various models for defining mental disorders. Students are introduced to methods of current interventions and the results of outcome research. In addition, health will be defined and how thoughts are believed to influence health and health behaviour. The basic theory of Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) will be introduced and a theoretical overview of CBT, models, concepts and methods presented.

Course description:

The course introduces the main topics and challenges of public health nutrition, but also methods and approaches in the field of health promotion. Emphasis will be placed on health promotion projects in the field of nutrition in the West but also in developing countries. Nutrition is placed in the context of other health-related behaviors, people's situations and lifestyles. The main theories about health-related behaviors will be introduced, which factors control consumption behavior and what can be important if changes are made to health-related behaviors. The main nutrition-related prevention and health promotion projects in Iceland as well as foreign projects will be presented. Students gain skills in organizing public health projects in the field of nutrition and how research results can be used for prevention and measures aimed at improving health. All the main steps in shaping and preparing a project, its implementation and evaluation of results will be discussed.

We try to answer following questions as well as others:

Do we really control what we eat - or do we have limited choices?

Is public health determined solely by politics?

Is nutrition literacy an important concept?

Is your diet ruining Mother Earth's health?

Do you get something to eat if there is a war abroad?

What is your responsibility for starving children in the world?

What really governs the world?

Do you want to be involved in changing the world?

Create health promotion projects of your choice.

The course focuses on young people’s risk behavior (e.g. drug use, deviance, inconsistent school attendance) and resilience related to various pedagogical, social, educational, and psychological factors. Subjects dealt with in the course will for example be young people’s social development, communication skills, mental disorders, sexual reproductive health, trauma and their view on different challenges in their life. Different preventive measures will be discussed and the role of homes, schools and recreations in different preventions. A special focus is on developmental research that explores the relationship between developmental growth and risk behavior. Projects are designed to seek understanding on how young people perceive risk factors in their lives.

The course is offered as a distant education course. Teaching lessons will be recorded and put on the CANVAS education management system but if there is real time teaching then it will be recorded and put on CANVAS. Discussion lessons are once a week (60 min.) were students can choose between being in-house or online. The same goes for essay presentations which are at the end of the semester.

The course covers methods for analysis of cohort studies using methods for time to event or survival analysis. It is based on the course Biostat III – Survival analysis for epidemiologists in R at the Karolinska Institutet: See (https://biostat3.net/index.html): "Topics covered include methods for estimating patient survival (life table and Kaplan-Meier methods), comparing survival between patient subgroups (log-rank test), and modelling survival (primarily Poisson regression, Cox proportional hazards model and flexible parametric models). The course addresses the concept of 'time' as a potential confounder or effect modifier and approaches to defining 'time' (e.g., time since entry, attained age, calendar time). The course will emphasise the basic concepts of statistical modelling in epidemiology, such as controlling for confounding and assessing effect modification." 

This course provides a comprehensive foundation in security studies. It examines concepts and theories relevant in the field, then considers approaches to, and practices of, security across different levels of analysis: individual, national, international, transnational, global and human.
The focus of security studies centres around questions of what, for whom, and how, is security. Answers to these questions vary according to what level of analysis is adopted, and which security domain is being discussed (eg political, military, economics, social, environmental, etc). The course explores these dimensions thoroughly, and then considers what they contribute to our practical knowledge and experiences of security.

The purpose of this course is to provide students with understanding on how to plan and conduct survey research. The course will address most common sampling design and different type of survey research (phone, face-to-face, internet, mail etc.). The basic measurement theories will be used to explore fundamental concepts of survey research, such as validity, reliability, question wording and contextual effect. The use of factor analysis and item analysis will be used to evaluate the quality of measurement instruments.  The course emphasizes students’ active learning by planning survey research and analyzing survey data.

This course is taught every other year.

This course focuses on the variety of approaches and methods found within  research. Five qualitative approaches to inquiry are mainly in focus, namely; case study, narrative research, ethnography, phenomenology and grounded theory. Students gain a deeper experiences in data collection and in use of different methods for analyzing their qualitative data. They also gain experience in presenting their findings in written form. Additionally, students have the opportunity to reflect on their own research practices and on themselves as qualitative researchers.

International organizations (IOs) are ubiqitous on the global stage and collectively engage with virtually every aspect of international relations. This course will provide an introduction to the empirical study of international organizations and the politics and processes that govern their operations.

Rather than organizing around specific organizational histories or issue areas, the course will focus on investigating the political structures that underpin the system and how they fit together. To what extent can we think of IOs as independent actors? Who are the actors that influence them and how do they do it? How are IOs financed and what implications does that have for their operations? Who are the staff that work in IOs and how do they matter? These are the types of questions that will guide our analysis over the course of the semester.

In answering these questions, students will be exposed to a range of approaches for the study of international organizations. Readings will comprise historical narratives, case studies, and both qualitative and quantitative journal articles and book chapters. However, we will pay particular attention to recent scholarship on IOs so that students get a sense of the current state of affairs in IO research. The goal of the course is thus twofold: first, to help students understand and analyze the political and administrative dynamics that guide the operations of IOs, and second, to enable students to engage with a variety of scholarly work on IOs in pursuit of their own research topics and ideas.

The course builds on major theories of international relations but no substantive expertise is expected on individual IOs beyond what an informed news consumer might have. Where appropriate, background reading will be provided for students who need a refresher on particular topics/IOs. Our organizational focus will largely be on global organizations, such as the United Nations agencies, the World Bank, and the International Monetary Fund, but we will also spend some time exploring regional organizations, such as the Council of Europe, international non-governmental organizations (INGOs), and private actors.

The course focuses on statistical analysis using the R environment. It is assumed that students have basic knowledge of statistics and the statistical software R. Students will learn to apply a broad range of statistical methods in R (such as classification methods, resampling methods, linear model selection and tree-based methods). The course on 12 weeks and will be on "flipped" form. This means that no lectures will be given but students will read some material and watch videos before attending classes. Students will then work on assignments during the classes.

This is a comprehensive course in multiple-regression analysis. The goal of the course is that students develop enough conceptual understanding and practical knowledge to use this method on their own. The lectures cover various regression analysis techniques commonly used in quantitative social research, including control variables, the use of nominal variables, linear and nonlinear models, techniques that test for mediation and statistical interaction effects, and so on. We discuss the assumptions of regression analysis and learn techniques to detect and deal with violations of assumptions. In addition, logistic regression will be introduced, which is a method for a dichotomous dependent variable. We also review many of the basic concepts involved in statistical inference and significance testing. Students get plenty of hands-on experience with data analysis. The instructor hands out survey data that students use to practice the techniques covered in class. The statistical package SPSS will be used.

 In the course, students will deal with the concept of aging, quantity and quality of life and individual differences. The students will also be dealing with changes in structure, capacity and endurance with age cardiovascular and pulmonary function, muscular strength and power. Students will read researches to increase their ability to make use of research outcomes and will do exercises in older people to understand better the condition of this age group. Students will be trained in preparing a research, use of computer programs that do statistical analysis and publish findings from researchs. The focus will also be on motor coordination, motor control and skill and the physical-psychological relationships.

Procedure

Lectures, discussions, researches and exercises.

The aim of this course is for students to gain theoretical and practical knowledge on the administrative matters and prepare them for administrative roles in health care. The role of managers is emphasized including human resource management, teamwork, work environment, patient services, quality and safety. Students projects are derived from real practice locally as well as globally in present times as well as in the future, strenthening the theoretical as well as practical competence of students.

The course is taught in collaboration with the University of Minnesota and is a COIL (Collaborative Online International Learning) course that includes joint teaching material and projects with teachers and students in the DNP program in nursing leadership. The main cooperating teacher at the University of Minnesota is dr. Stephanie Gingerich, assistant professor at the University of Minnesota.

The course is intended for postgraduate students only. It is adapted to the needs of students from different fields of study. The course is taught over a six-week period.

The course is taught 12th January - 16th February on Fridays from 1:20 pm - 3:40 pm.

Description: 
The topics of the course include: Professionalism and the scientist’s responsibilities. Demands for scientific objectivity and the ethics of research. Issues of equality and standards of good practice. Power and science. Conflicts of interest and misconduct in research. Science, academia and industry. Research ethics and ethical decision making.

Objectives: 
In this course, the student gains knowledge about ethical issues in science and research and is trained in reasoning about ethical controversies relating to science and research in contemporary society.

The instruction takes the form of lectures and discussion. The course is viewed as an academic community where students are actively engaged in a focused dialogue about  the topics. Each student (working as a member of a two-person team) gives a presentation according to a plan designed at the beginning of the course, and other students acquaint themselves with the topic as well for the purpose of participating in a teacher-led discussion.

This course concerns health behaviour in general. The health behaviour of different age groups will be addressed as well as the association between biological factors, health behaviour and social status. How can behaviour, coping and stress affect health? Behaviour in relations to food and consumption habits is of particular interest. How is it possible to shape healthy habits from childhood, for example to influence food choice and overcome pickiness about food? Societal influence and the part of media is also addressed. The course literature is from various books and scientific articles from different fields and is intended to capture the subject in an interdisciplinary manner.

The main topic of this course is the importance and intitution of health promotion in various setting of society; the workplace, schools, sports as well as within the roam of people‘s leisure time. Various theories underlying health promotion will be introduced and the pros and cons of applying them in real life context will be discussed.  Students will have the platform to learn about the organization, execution and the process of health promotion. Special emphasis will be on introducing different methods to evaluate both the process and outcome of health promoting projects.

The course format is built on lectures and seminars. Active participation in class discussion, project productions and seminars is required.

Objective: Provide students with the oportunity to deepen their knowledge about the interaction between lifestyle, exercise and health and by looking at research in the field. Moreover, to gain more knowledge about various lifestyle-related diseases and the effects of exercise and training on them, both through preventive measures (primary prevention) and as a treatment option (secondary prevention).

The course is intended to introduce epidemiological research methods in the field of the relationship between physical activity and health and increase students' understanding and skills in reading scientific articles critically. How exercise affects health and reduces the risk of various lifestyle-related diseases will be explored. Research and observations on the interaction between movement-related lifestyles and different health factors will be discussed. The course will be taught in lecture format.