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Forsíða

Páll Einarsson - Professor Emeritus

Páll Einarsson

–

Páll Einarsson

Professor Emeritus

- Geophysics

Location
Askja / N-366
Phone
525 - 4816
Email
palli [at] hi.is

Unit
Faculty of Earth Sciences
Website
https://notendur.hi.is/~palli/

Professional Experience

1999 - , Professor, University of Iceland
2010 - , Faculty board of Geosciences, University of Iceland
2012 - 2012, Visiting scientist, Volcano Observatory, Reunion
1985 - 2010, seismologist, Raunvísindastofnun
2004 - 2004, Visiting scientist, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University
2001 - 2003, Head of Department of Physics, University of Iceland
1998 - 1998, Visiting Fellow, St. Edmunds College, Cambridge
1997 - 1998, ,
1997 - 1998, Senior research scientist, Science Institute, University of Iceland
1998 - 1998, Visiting scientist, Bullard Laboratories
1994 - 1997, Professor, University of Iceland
1992 - 1994, ,
1975 - 1994, Senior research scientist, Science Institute, University of Iceland
1993 - 1994, ,
1975 - 1994, Lecturer, teaching courses in geophysics, physics, seismology, tectonics and volcanology., University of Iceland
1975 - 1990, ,
1986 - 1990, Member of the University Senate, University of Iceland
1988 - 1989, ,
1983 - 1987, Head of the Geophysics division and member of the Board of Directors, Science Institute
1987 - 1987, ,
1983 - 1987, ,
1978 - 1978, ,
1975 - 1975, Advisor, Civil protection division
1970 - 1975, Graduate research assistant, Lamont - Doherty Geological Observatory
1974 - 1975, Teaching assistant, Columbia University

Published works

2024

Fracturing and tectonic stress drive ultrarapid magma flow into dikesScience
Widespread fracture movements during a volcano-tectonic unrestBulletin of Volcanology
2021–2023 Unrest and Geodetic Observations at Askja Volcano, IcelandGeophysical Research Letters

2023

Correction to: Deformation, seismicity, and monitoring response preceding and during the 2022 Fagradalsfjall eruption, IcelandBulletin of Volcanology
Pre-existing fractures and eruptive vent openings during the 2021 Fagradalsfjall eruption, IcelandBulletin of Volcanology
Deformation, seismicity, and monitoring response preceding and during the 2022 Fagradalsfjall eruption, IcelandBulletin of Volcanology
Sources of continuous tremor associated with jökulhlaups and eruptions of Grímsvötn volcano, IcelandJokull
Tectonic framework and fault structures in the Fagradalsfjall segment of the Reykjanes Peninsula Oblique Rift, IcelandBulletin of Volcanology

2022

Volume, Effusion Rate, and Lava Transport During the 2021 Fagradalsfjall EruptionGeophysical Research Letters
Volcanic tremor associated with the Surtsey eruption of 1963–1967Jokull
Deformation and seismicity decline before the 2021 Fagradalsfjall eruptionNature

2021

Seismic activity associated with the 1963–1967 Surtsey eruption off the coast of South IcelandBulletin of Volcanology
The Evolution of the Tjörnes Sedimentary Basin in Relation to the Tjörnes Fracture Zone and the Geological Structure of Iceland
Seismicity of the Northern Volcanic Zone of IcelandFrontiers in Earth Science
Tectonic position, structure, and Holocene activity of the Hofsjökull volcanic system, central IcelandJournal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research
Fracture kinematics and holocene stress field at the krafla rift, northern icelandGeosciences (Switzerland)
Practice and Experience in using Parallel and Scalable Machine Learning with Heterogenous Modular Supercomputing Architectures
A harmonised instrumental earthquake catalogue for Iceland and the northern Mid-Atlantic RidgeNatural Hazards and Earth System Sciences

2020

Rifting Kinematics Produced by Magmatic and Tectonic Stresses in the North Volcanic Zone of IcelandFrontiers in Earth Science
A half-century of geologic and geothermic investigations in IcelandJournal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research
The analog seismogram archives of IcelandJokull
Geodynamics of Iceland and the signatures of plate spreadingJournal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research
Operational response and hazards assessment during the 2014–2015 volcanic crisis at Bárðarbunga volcano and associated eruption at Holuhraun, IcelandJournal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research
Unexpected large eruptions from buoyant magma bodies within viscoelastic crustNature Communications
Seismicity of the Reykjanes Peninsula 1971–1976Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research
The structure of seismogenic strike-slip faults in the eastern part of the Reykjanes Peninsula Oblique Rift, SW IcelandJournal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research
Fault kinematics at the Hengill Triple Junction, SW-Iceland, derived from surface fracture patternJournal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

2019

Historical accounts of pre-eruption seismicity of Katla, Hekla, Öræfajökull and other volcanoes in IcelandJokull
Evolution of migrating transform faults in anisotropic oceanic crustCanadian Journal of Earth Sciences
The 2011 unrest at Katla volcanoJokull
Variation in b-value of caldera earthquakes during recent activity of the Bárðarbunga Volcano in IcelandJokull

2018

Magma movements in volcanic plumbing systems and their associated ground deformation and seismic patterns
Bergsprungur og byggingar á höfuðborgarsvæðinuVerktækni - Tímarit Verkfræðingafélags Íslands
Short-term seismic precursors to Icelandic eruptions 1973-2014Frontiers in Earth Science
Historical lava flow fields at Hekla volcano, South IcelandJökull

2017

The 2011 unrest at Katla volcano: Location and interpretation of the tremor sourceJournal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research
A global framework for the Earth: putting geological sciences in contextGlobal and Planetary Change
Sprungusveimar Norðurgosbeltisins og umbrotin í BárðarbunguNáttúrufræðingurinn
Deformation in the Northern Volcanic Zone of Iceland 2008–2014Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth
Evolution of deformation and stress changes during the caldera collapse and dyking at Bárdarbunga, 2014–2015Earth and Planetary Science Letters
The 2011 unrest at Katla volcanoJournal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

2016

Gradual caldera collapse at Bárdarbunga volcano, Iceland, regulated by lateral magma outflowScience
Long-period seismic events with strikingly regular temporal patterns on Katla volcano's south flank (Iceland)Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research
Long-period events with striking regular time pattern on Katla volcano’s south flank (Iceland)Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research
Fissure swarms and fracture systems within the Western Volcanic Zone, Iceland – Effects of spreading ratesJournal of Structural Geology
Fracture movements and graben subsidence during the 2014 Bárdarbunga dike intrusion in IcelandJournal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research
Fracture systems of the Northern Volcanic Rift Zone, Iceland
Joint relative location of earthquakes without a pre-defined velocity model: An example from a peculiar seismic cluster on Katla volcano's south-flank (Iceland)Geophysical Journal International
Partitioning of Holocene kinematics and interaction between the Theistareykir Fissure Swarm and the Husavik-Flatey Fault, North IcelandJournal of Structural Geology

2015

Mechanisms of earthquakes in Iceland
Tungnafellsjökull
Earthquake swarms
Structure and tectonic position of the Eyjafjallajökull volcano, S-IcelandJokull
Fracturing and earthquake activity within the Prestahnúkur fissure swarm in the Western Volcanic Rift Zone of IcelandJournal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth
The interaction of fissure swarms and monogenetic lava shields in the rift zones of IcelandJournal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research
Kilometer-scale Kaiser effect identified in Krafla volcano, IcelandGeophysical Research Letters

2014

The Krafla rifting episode 1974-1989 and its interaction with the Tjörnes Fracture Zone
Segmented lateral dyke growth in a rifting event at Bárðarbunga volcanic system, IcelandNature

2013

Hvað er jarðskjálfti?
Ísland og innri gerð jarðar
Tíðni og stærð jarðskjálfta
BÁRÐARBUNGA
ELDVIRK SVÆÐI Á ÍSLANDI
New insights into volcanic activity from strain and other deformation data for the Hekla 2000 eruptionJournal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research
UNDIR VATNAJÖKLI
Evidence of recent fault movements in the Tungnafellsjökull fissure swarm in the Central Volcanic Zone, IcelandJökull
HEKLA

2012

Geophysical constraints on the dynamics of spreading centres from rifting episodes on landNature Geoscience
The Kverkfjöll fissure swarm and the eastern boundary of the Northern Volcanic Rift Zone, IcelandBulletin of Volcanology
The Krafla fissure swarm, Iceland, and its formation by rifting eventsBulletin of Volcanology

2011

Increased capture of magma in the crust promoted by ice-cap retreat in IcelandNature Geoscience

2010

Mapping of Holocene surface ruptures in the South Iceland Seismic ZoneJokull
The Kerlingar fault, Northeast IcelandJokull
New mass increase beneath Askja volcano, Iceland - a precursor to renewed activity?Terra Nova
Effect of tectonics and earthquakes on geothermal activity near plate boundaries: a case study from South IcelandGeothermics
A gravity study of silicic domes in the Krafla area, N-IcelandJokull
Overview of results from continuous GPS observations in Iceland from 1995 to 2010Jokull
Intrusion triggering of the 2010 Eyjafjallajökull explosive eruptionNature
The 2008 May 29 earthquake doublet in SW IcelandGeophysical Journal International
Lower-crustal earthquakes caused by magma movement beneath Askja volcano on the north Iceland riftBulletin of Volcanology
Katla and Eyjafjallajökull Volcanoes

2009

The fissure swarm of the Askja volcanic system along the divergent plate boundary of N IcelandBulletin of Volcanology
Glacial rebound and plate spreadingGeophysical Journal International
Consequences of local surface load variations for volcano monitoring: Application to Katla subglacial volcano, Iceland

2008

Seismic and geodetic insights into magma accumulation at Katla subglacial volcano, IcelandJournal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth
Radon changes associated with the earthquake sequence in June 2000 in the South Iceland Seismic ZonePure and Applied Geophysics
Plate boundaries, rifts and transforms in IcelandJokull
Radon anomalies associated with the earthquakes sequence in June 2000 in the South Iceland Seismic ZonePure and Applied Geophysics
Seismic and geodetic insights into magma accumulation at Katla subglacial volcano, IcelandJournal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth

2007

Crustal deformation associated with the 1996 Gjálp subglacial eruption, IcelandEarth and Planetary Science Letters
Radon monitoring programs in the South Iceland Seismic Zone 1977-2006
Glacio-isostatic deformation around the Vatnajökull ice cap, Iceland, induced by recent climate warmingJournal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth
Discriminating volcano deformation due to magma movements and variable surface loadsGeophysical Journal International
Controlling factors on earthquake swarms associated with magmatic intrusions; Constraints from IcelandJournal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

2006

Geodynamic signals detected by geodetic methods in Iceland
Tectonic stress and magma chamber size as controls on dike propagationJournal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth
Breiðbobbinn (Oxychilus draparnaudi (Beck, 1837)) endurfundinn á ÍslandiNáttúrufræðingurinn
Volcano geodesy and magma dynamics in IcelandJournal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research
Deflation of the Askja volcanic systemJournal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research
Seismicity crisis at the Katla volcano, Iceland - signs of a cryptodome?Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research
Current plate movements across the Mid-Atlantic ridge determined from 5 years of continuous GPS measurements in IcelandJournal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth
Low-frequency earthquakes at the Torfajökull volcano, south IcelandJournal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

2005

Virkni í Kötlueldstöðinni og nágrenni hennar síðan 1999 og hugsanleg þróun atburðarásar
Earthquakes and faults in the Kárahnjúkar area
Earthquakes and faults in the Karahnjukar area - Review of hazards and recommended further studies
Yfirlit um hættu vegna eldgosa og hlaupa frá vesturhluta Mýrdalsjökuls og Eyjafjallajökli
Earthquakes and faults in the Karahnjukar area
Geodetic GPS measurements in south IcelandJournal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth
Seismic characteristics of the Hekla volcano and its surroundings, IcelandJökull
Seismic activity associated with the 2000 eruption of Hekla, IcelandBulletin of Volcanology
Styles of surface rupture accompanying the June 17 and 21, 2000 earthquakes in the South Iceland Seismic ZoneTectonophysics
Earthquakes and faults in the Karahnjukar area

2004

Seismic constraints on magma chambers at Hekla and Torfajökull volcanoes, IcelandBulletin of Volcanology
Coseismic stress changes and crustal deformation on the Reykjanes Peninsula due to triggered earthquakes on 17 June 2000Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth
Reverse-slip structures at oceanic diverging plate boundaries and their kinematic originJournal of Structural Geology

2003

Lyngbobbi finnst í ReykjavíkNáttúrufræðingurinn
Volcanic tremor related to the 1991 eruption of the Hekla volcano, IcelandBulletin of Volcanology
Þrýstingur vex undir KötluNáttúrufræðingurinn
Deformation of Grímsvötn volcano, IcelandGeophysical Research Letters
Recent unrest and magma movements at Eyjafjallajökull and Katla volcanoes, IcelandJournal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth

2002

Seismic monitoring during an injection experiment at the Svartsengi geothermal field, IcelandJokull
Earthquake activity related to the 1991 eruption of the Hekla volcano, IcelandBulletin of Volcanology
Strike-slip faulting, normal faulting, and lateral dike injections along a single faultJournal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth

2001

Crustal structure of the northern Reykjanes Ridge and Reykjanes Peninsula, southwest IcelandJournal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth
Crustal deformation measured by GPS in the South Iceland Seismic Zone due to two large earthquake in June 2000Geophysical Research Letters
Crustal deformation at the oblique spreading Reykjanes Peninsula, SW IcelandJournal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth
Suðurlandsskjálftar 2000: Orsakir og atburðarásGoðasteinn

2000

Earthquakes in the Mýrdalsjökull area, Iceland, 1978-1985: Seasonal correlation and relation to volcanoesJokull

1999

Crust generated above the Iceland mantle plumeJournal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth
GPS-meßkampagne 1995 zur bestimmung von deformationen der Erdkruste in SüdwestislandZeitschrift fur Vermessungswesen

1998

Estimation of source parameters and Q from acceleration recorded in the Vatnafjöll earthquake in south IcelandBulletin of the Seismological Society of America
Hans Schlesch, síðbúin uppreisn æru

1997

Seismicity around the Hekla and Torfajökull volcanoes, Iceland, during a volcanically quiet period, 1991-1995Bulletin of Volcanology
Extension across a divergent plate boundary, the Eastern Volcanic Rift Zone, south Iceland, 1967-1994, observed with GPS and electronic distance measurementsJournal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth
Färoe-Iceland Ridge ExperimentJournal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth
The 1994-1995 seismicity and deformation at the Hengill triple junction, IcelandJournal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth
Recent interdisciplinary research in the neovolcanic zone of Iceland using SAR dataEuropean Space Agency, (Special Publication) ESA SP
Center of the Iceland hotspot experiences volcanic unrestEos

1996

An experiment in glacio-isostasy near Vatnajokull, Iceland, 1991Jokull
Reinterpretation of the RRISP-77 Iceland shear-wave profilesGeophysical Journal International
Jarðskjálftabeltið á SuðurlandiNáttúrufræðingurinn

1995

Plate boundary deformation and continuing deflation of the Askja volcano, North Iceland, determined with GPS, 1987-1993Bulletin of Volcanology
Rift-transform kinematics in south IcelandJournal of Geophysical Research

1994

Crustal movements and relative sea level changes in Iceland
Strain accumulation 1986–1992 across the Reykjanes Peninsula Plate Boundary, Iceland, determined from GPS measurementsGeophysical Research Letters

1993

The Iceland 1986 GPS geodetic surveyBulletin Géodésique

1992

Glacio‐isostatic crustal movements caused by historical volume change of the Vatnajökull Ice Cap, IcelandGeophysical Research Letters
Volcanic tremor and low-frequency earthquakes in Iceland
Post-rifting stress relaxation at the divergent plate boundary in Northeast IcelandNature
Magma chamber deflation recorded by the global positioning systemGeophysical Research Letters
The 1991 eruption of Hekla, IcelandBulletin of Volcanology

1991

Umbrotin við Kröflu 1975-89
Earthquakes and present-day tectonism in IcelandTectonophysics
Source mechanism of the 1987 Vatnafjöll Earthquake in south IcelandJournal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth

1990

Volcanoes beneath Vatnajökull, Iceland: Evidence from radio echo-sounding, earthquakes and jökulhlaupsJokull

1989

Intraplate earthquakes in Iceland
Implosive earthquakes at the active accretionary plate boundary in northern IcelandNature

1987

Compilation of earthquake fault plane solutions in the North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans
The Iceland GPS Geodetic Field Campain 1986Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union

1986

Seismicity along the eastern margin of the North American Plate

1985

JarðskjálftaspárNáttúrufræðingurinn

1984

Seismic activity preceding and during the 1983 volcanic eruption in Grimsvotn, Iceland.Jokull

1983

The Hekla eruption 1980–1981Bulletin Volcanologique

1982

Earthquake fractures in the districts Land and Rangarvellir in the south Iceland seismic zoneJokull

1981

Seismicity pattern in the South Iceland Seismic Zone

1980

Seismic structure of Iceland along RRISP-profile 1Journal of Geophysics - Zeitschrift fur Geophysik
Seismological evidence for lateral magma intrusion during the July 1978 deflation of the Krafla volcano in NE- Iceland.Journal of Geophysics - Zeitschrift fur Geophysik
Recent earthquakes in the Hengill- Hellisheidi area in SW IcelandJournal of Geophysics - Zeitschrift fur Geophysik

1979

Earthquakes in IcelandJokull
Seismic activity associated with the September 1977 deflation of the Krafla central volcano in northeastern IcelandJournal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research
Seismicity and earthquake focal mechanisms along the mid-Atlantic plate boundary between Iceland and the AzoresTectonophysics
First results from the Reykjanes Ridge Iceland Seismic Project 1977Nature

1978

S-wave shadows in the Krafla caldera in NE-Iceland, evidence for a magma chamber in the crustBulletin of Volcanology

1977

The Reykjanes Peninsula, Iceland, earthquake swarm of September 1972 and its tectonic significanceJournal of Geophysical Research
Current rifting episode in north IcelandNature

1976

Skjálftar og jökulhlaup í Múlakvísl í ágúst 1975 og 1976Jokull

1971

Rifting in IcelandScience

Keywords for Specialisation:

And seismic waves carry information on magma chambers and molten material

Crustal movements and geodynamics

And electromagnetic distance measurements

Earthquakes and tectonism

Internal structure and dynamics of volcanoes

S.a. GPS-geodesy

Satellite radar (SAR) interferometry

Sea-level monitoring