What is sustainability?

Before the concept of sustainability was developed, economics were often the primary consideration. If the interests of society and nature were in conflict with the economy, the economy would take precedence.

In the Brundtland Report, published in 1987 sustainable development is defined as “development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs.” The report introduced the idea that the interests of society and nature are equal to that of economy.

A more holistic understanding of sustainability emphasises that the economy and society are part of a closed system. Growth cannot extend beyond the definite limits of nature. Resources are limited and the ability of the environment to maintain vital processes is easily disrupted.

It is generally accepted that the path humanity is currently on bears clear signs of unsustainability. People’s ideas in the more affluent parts of the world about what a 'good life' is have led to consumption far beyond what the Earth can support. While some people exploit the Earth’s resources to excess, others get less than their share.

Our job as humans is to change our thinking and our actions such that the limits of nature are respected both in word and deed. This is the core of the concept of sustainability.

Sustainability is a vast concept. It covers not only the environment but also social justice, health and welfare, culture and economic livelihood. At its core is awareness of the idea that nature sets the boundaries for human activities. It also involves acknowledging that all humans are faced with the socially complex task of reconciling ideas and expectations about a 'good life' with natural limits.

The University of Iceland is contributing to sustainability in three ways.

• Firstly, through the search for knowledge itself and the work of academics and students within the university.
• Secondly, the University plays an important role in sharing scientific knowledge with the community in a responsible way.
• Thirdly, the University serves as a model of sustainability through its own organisation, management and overall policy.

As a powerful and comprehensive research institution, the University of Iceland is contributing to knowledge and understanding in the field of sustainability at the national and international levels. All five schools of the University are involved in this mission. The University is home to ongoing teaching and research in various relevant areas. Education and research in the field of sustainable development often require a cross-disciplinary approach and collaboration as well as in-depth expertise in a wide range of disciplines.

Academic freedom in research entails an ethical responsibility to nature and people, that is, the earth and its inhabitants. Since our understanding of the concept of sustainability is still developing, our knowledge of sustainability is growing and new information is continually emerging, university researchers need to carefully evaluate their choice of research fields.

It is essential that research findings in the field of sustainability are shared beyond the University so that the University and the community can work together purposefully and effectively. Academics and students have an ethical responsibility to participate in projects, discussions, and conferences about sustainability in Iceland and abroad.